Energy Efficiency Analysis of a Building Envelope
The improvement in thermal comfort of a building passively helps in reducing its energy utilization, throughout the year. Several factors are directly related to reducing the cooling and heating load of the building such as orientation and the material us
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1 Introduction Protection from extreme weather and environmental conditions is one of the basic needs of a human being. Energy consumption and thermal insulation are two major factors which are effective in this problem. Energy management has emerged as a critical economic issue and a top priority for policymakers. Unsustainable energy supply and demand have serious implications spectrum from household budgets to international relations [1]. Developing and developed countries spend a huge amount of money for the thermal comfort of the buildings, in these countries, the consumption of energy in both residential and commercial buildings has been increasing very rapidly. The best possible solution to overcome this problem is to introduce insulating materials in building envelope which can efficiently enhance the thermal performance of walls, roof and other parts of the building. Due to low thermal conductivity values of insulating materials, the heat flow through building envelope is reduced effectively which results in the balance of indoor temperature. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the usage of heating and air conditioning energy is maximum for residential and commercial buildings. It is driven by the heat transferred through the exterior walls of the building and the roof which is the largest component of energy load for cooling or heating the spaces inside the building. Any reduction in the rate of transfer of heat will result in a drastic decline in power consumption by the air conditioner. The passive insulated building system also indirectly supports the green building approach by reducing the release of harmful emissions due to the production of electricity through the power plant. Hence proper insulation of M. Y. Khan (B) · A. Baqi Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India e-mail: [email protected] A. Talib Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 M. Bose and A. Modi (eds.), Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research, Springer Proceedings in Energy, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5955-6_160
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Fig. 1 Energy use in U.S. residential and commercial buildings by end-use, 2014 [2]
building walls and roof with optimal insulation thickness is an easy solution to reduced cooling/heating load over the lifetime of the building. Researchers have suggested several factors which are responsible for cooling and heating of the building. At the time of construction if these factors are taken into account, then it will be possible to further reduce the electricity load to a large extent. The first factor is the orientation of the building, it is well recognized that the amount of heat gained in a building from the sun also depends on the orientation and layout of the building. Hence in order to improve the thermal behavior of buildings in warm climates, solar heat gain should be reduced and preferably controlled. It is reported in the literature that the best ori
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