Enhanced dielectric and magnetic properties in Mn-doped bismuth ferrite multiferroic nanoceramics
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Enhanced dielectric and magnetic properties in Mn‑doped bismuth ferrite multiferroic nanoceramics B. Dhanalakshmi1,5 · B. Chandra Sekhar2 · K. V. Vivekananda3 · B. Srinivasa Rao4 · B. Parvatheeswara Rao5 · P. S. V. Subba Rao5 Received: 27 January 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Multiferroic nanoparticles of manganese doped bismuth ferrite with the chemical formula, B i1-xMnxFeO3, with x values of 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1, were synthesized by sol–gel autocombustion method. X-ray diffraction measurements and Rietveld structural refinements were performed on the samples to ensure the formation of rhombohedrally distorted perovskite phase for all the samples. Dielectric measurements of the samples have been carried out in a wide range of frequencies from 1 to 40 MHz and at different temperatures in the range from 30° to 450 °C. Temperature-dependent dielectric anomalies were observed and the same were attributed to structural inhomogeneities at around 150°–270 °C, and to typical free charge carrier hopping mechanisms and anomalies at around 270°–420 °C. Impedance analysis of the samples provides indirect support for the reasons discussed in the dielectric properties and the corresponding electrical conductivity behaviour in these samples. Magnetic measurements were carried out to understand the influence of Mn ions on the magnetic behaviour of the studied multiferroics. The results of all these measurements are well discussed, and they indicate a considerable enhancement in the magnetic order with Mn doping and also a decrease in the dielectric loss with an evidence magnetoelectric coupling and thus making them useful for device applications. Keywords Multiferroic nanomaterials · Sol–gel auto combustion method · X-ray diffraction · Impedance spectroscopy · Magnetic measurements · Dielectric measurements
1 Introduction Multiferroics are an important class of materials to explore as they simultaneously control ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders leading to novel magnetoelectric properties, and they have vast potential for applications in spintronic devices, sensors and memories [1, 2]. In fact, the * B. Dhanalakshmi [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology (VIIT-A), Visakhapatnam 530049, India
2
Department of Physics, Vignan’s Institute of Engineering for Women, Visakhapatnam 530046, India
3
Department of Chemistry, Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology (VIIT-A), Visakhapatnam 530049, India
4
Welfare Institute of Science, Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam 531173, India
5
Department of Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India
magnetoelectric (M-E) coupling between magnetic and electric orders in these multiferroics helps to induce magnetic polarization by making use of electrical field or vice versa. It has been explored previously to understand the fundamental physics behind the emergence of multiferroic materials [3, 4]. From the theoretical b
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