Investigation on electrical, magnetic and magneto-dielectric properties of yttrium and cobalt co-doped bismuth ferrite n
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Investigation on electrical, magnetic and magneto-dielectric properties of yttrium and cobalt co-doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticles H Hemanta Singh* and H Basantakumar Sharma Department of Physics, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, Manipur 795003, India Received: 23 January 2019 / Accepted: 09 August 2019
Abstract: Yttrium and cobalt co-doped multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanopowder (Bi1-xYxFe1-yCoyO3 with x = 0.00, y = 0.0, 0.05 and x = 0.05, y = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) was synthesized by using sol–gel method. The as-grown powder was found to be amorphous that crystallizes to the desired phase after annealing at 600 °C for 2 h in the air. X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the formation of the pure-phase BFO, and with increasing the content of yttrium and cobalt, the two dominant split peaks merge. But for x = 0.05, y = 0.15 sample, the splitting again appears. The chemical bonding between Fe–O and Bi–O was identified by the FTIR analysis. The samples show the high-frequency dispersion of dielectric constant and loss tangent at low frequency. The improved AC conductivity was observed for the doped samples. The electrical polarization was enhanced with increasing content of yttrium and cobalt in the sample. The magnetic properties of the doped samples were also found to be enhanced. The retentivity of the samples increased from 0.15 emu/g (x = 0.0, y = 0.0) to 0.63 emu/g (x = 0.05, y = 0.1) with increasing the content of yttrium and cobalt. The effect of the magnetic field on the dielectric constant was analyzed by considering the magneto-dielectric coefficient. The results were analyzed in light of the reported results in the literature. Keywords: Multiferroic materials; AC conductivity; Electric polarization; FTIR spectroscopy; Magnetization; Magnetodielectric coefficient PACS Nos.: 77.22.-d; 77.22.Gm; 75.85?t; 75.60.-d
1. Introduction The multiferroic materials exhibiting both ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism behaviors simultaneously in a single phase are the most promising candidates for the applications in spintronic devices, magnetic data storage and sensors [1–5]. Among the widely studied multiferroic materials, single-phase bismuth ferrite has attracted great attention due to its multiferroic properties at room temperature. BFO has ferroelectric behavior below Tc * 1103 K and antiferromagnetic behavior below TN * 653 K with distorted perovskite structure of R3c space group [6, 7]. However, the practical application of bismuth ferrite has been hindered due to its low magnetic moments, high leakage current arising from the defects, impurities or nonstoichiometry [8, 9]. In the last few years, many
researchers have tried to stabilize the BFO phase by partial substitution of A or B sites in the perovskite structure. Several researcher groups have made an attempt to improve the optical and magnetic properties of BFO by doping rare-earth elements like La?3, Nd?3, Gd?3, Sm?3, Y?3, etc. [10–13]. The enhancement in electrical properties of BFO by doping A site with Y?3, Nd?3, and Sm?3 has a
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