Enhanced Reproducibility of Positive Temperature Coefficient Effect of CB/HDPE/PVDF Composites with the Addition of Ioni
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ARTICLE
POLYMER SCIENCE
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-020-2475-x Chinese J. Polym. Sci.
Enhanced Reproducibility of Positive Temperature Coefficient Effect of CB/HDPE/PVDF Composites with the Addition of Ionic Liquid Long Chen, Xiao Wu, Xiao-Fang Zhang, and Jian-Ming Zhang* Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
Abstract Developing an effective method for improving the reproducibility of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect is of great significance for large-scale application of polymer based PTC composites, owing to its contribution to the security and reliability. Herein, we developed a carbon black (CB)/high density polyethylene (HDPE)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composite with outstanding PTC reproducibility, by incorporating 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([OMIm][NTf2]) into the composite. After multiple repeated temperature cycles, the PTC performance of as-prepared material keeps almost unchanged and the varition of resistance at room temperature is less than 7%. Our studies revealed that [OMIm][NTf2] contributes to the improvement of PTC reproducibility in two ways: (i) it acts as an efficient plasticizer for refining the co-continuous phase morphology of HDPE/PVDE blends; (ii) it inhibits the crystallization of PVDF through the dilution effect, leading to more overlaps of the volume shrinkage process of HDPE and PVDF melt which results in the decrease of interface gap between HDPE and PVDF. This study demonstrated that ionic liquids as the multifunctional agents have great potential for improving the reproducibility in the application of the binary polymer based PTC composites. Keywords Conductive polymer composites; Reproducibility; Positive temperature coefficient; Ionic liquid Citation: Chen, L.; Wu, X.; Zhang, X. F.; Zhang, J. M. Enhanced reproducibility of positive temperature coefficient effect of CB/HDPE/PVDF composites with the addition of ionic liquid. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-020-2475-x
INTRODUCTION Conductive polymer composites (CPCs)[1−5] with PTC effect, which present the increase of resistance with temperature, hold tremendous promise for versatile applications from smart heating device to ultra-accurate intelligent temperature control system.[6−10] Meanwhile, the good processing property inheriting from insulated polymer matrix and the excellent electrical conductivity deriving from conductive fillers also provide a necessary prerequisite for its large-scale application.[11] However, the shortcomings including the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) phenomenon that presents a resistance decline with temperature and the poor electrical reproducibility after repeated temperature cycles, hinder the prosperous application of them in broader fields.[12] To address these issues, great efforts including modification of fillers,[13,14] crosslinking of polymer,[15,16] hy
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