Enhancing osseointegration of titanium implants through large-grit sandblasting combined with micro-arc oxidation surfac
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ENGINEERING AND NANO-ENGINEERING APPROACHES FOR MEDICAL DEVICES Original Research
Enhancing osseointegration of titanium implants through large-grit sandblasting combined with micro-arc oxidation surface modification Wulin He1 Xing Yin2 Li Xie2,3 Zeping Liu2 Jingtao Li2 Shujuan Zou2 Jianwei Chen2 ●
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Received: 2 January 2019 / Accepted: 27 May 2019 / Published online: 11 June 2019 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Purpose The demand for titanium dental implants has risen sharply. However, the clinical success rate of implant surgery needs to be improved. In this paper, we report a novel surface modification strategy, large-grit sandblasting combined with micro-arc oxidation (SL-MAO), aiming to promote peri-implant bone formation and osseointegration of titanium implants. Materials and methods Modified titanium samples were prepared by large-grit sandblasting and acid etching (SLA), microarc oxidation (MAO), and SL-MAO. The resulting topographical changes and chemical composition of the samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively, and the biocompatibility and bioactivity were analyzed by bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) adhesion tests. Modified titanium implants were also inserted into the femurs of beagle dogs, and their competence of osseointegration was appraised by quantitative histomorphometry and micro-computed-tomography (micro-CT) analyses. Results Compared to SLA and MAO techniques, SL-MAO surface modification further enhanced titanium surfaces by creating a topographic morphology characterized by both micron-sized craters and sub-micron-scale pits, and resulted in superior chemical composition, which promoted cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. SL-MAOmodified titanium implants osseointegrated more efficiently than SLA or MAO controls, with significantly higher bone-area (BA) ratio and bone-implant contact (BIC) in the peri-implant region. Conclusions The SL-MAO surface modification technique optimized the surface properties of titanium implants and enhanced peri-implant bone formation and osseointegration.
1 Introduction Over the last decade, the demand for oral implants has risen sharply. Each year, millions of edentulous patients who are
These authors contributed equally: Wulin He, Xing Yin * Jianwei Chen [email protected] 1
Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 366, South Jiangnan Avenue, Guangzhou 510280 Guangdong, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
3
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, China
candidates for implant-based prosthetic treatment, or orthodontic patients who require skeletal anchorage to move teeth, undergo dental implant surgery [1]. However, multiple factors, such as excessive surgic
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