Enhancing PMIPv6 for Better Handover Performance among Heterogeneous Wireless Networks in a Micromobility Domain
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Research Article Enhancing PMIPv6 for Better Handover Performance among Heterogeneous Wireless Networks in a Micromobility Domain Linoh A. Magagula, Olabisi E. Falowo, and H. Anthony Chan Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa Correspondence should be addressed to Linoh A. Magagula, [email protected] Received 8 October 2009; Accepted 24 June 2010 Academic Editor: Athanasios Vasilakos Copyright © 2010 Linoh A. Magagula et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper analyzes the reduction of handover delay in a network-based localized mobility management framework assisted by IEEE 802.21 MIH services. It compares the handover signaling procedures with host-based localized MIPv6 (HMIPv6), with network-based localized MIPv6 (PMIPv6), and with PMIPv6 assisted by IEEE 802.21 to show how much handover delay reduction can be achieved. Furthermore, the paper proposes and gives an in-depth analysis of PMIPv6 optimized with a handover coordinator (HC), which is a network-based entity, to further improve handover performance in terms of handover delay and packet loss while maintaining minimal signaling overhead in the air interface among converged heterogeneous wireless networks. Simulation and analytical results show that indeed handover delay and packet loss are reduced.
1. Introduction The rapid expansion of mobile wireless communications over the last few years has spawned many different wireless communication networks. These networks will be interconnected and interworked with each other to offer access to Internet services for mobile users anytime anywhere. Also, the wireless mobile devices are becoming increasingly multimodal, containing multiple communication interfaces such as WLAN, WiMax, and UMTS [1] to access the different networks. Ultimately, the demands for users of the next generation networks to have ubiquitous and seamless access to internet services as they move around different access networks will be met. However, mobility management, in particular nonperceptible handover for active real-time applications such as VoIP, is still a challenge. The handover delay is still too large for time-sensitive services hence a lot of packets are lost during the handover procedures resulting in perceptible disruption to ongoing service sessions. Unfortunately, while mobility management protocols maintain the mobility bindings, they do not provide seamless handover in their current form [2]. Internet access ubiquity for mobile users requires seamless mobility management supported by effective handover
mechanisms. These effective handover mechanisms ensure that ongoing communications are kept active with negligible perceptible disruptions during the handover procedures. Moreover, higher-layer connections such as TCP and UDP are defined with IP addresses of the communicating nodes, hence they
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