Enhancing PUFA-rich polar lipids in Tisochrysis lutea using adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) with oscillating thermal
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APPLIED MICROBIAL AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
Enhancing PUFA-rich polar lipids in Tisochrysis lutea using adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) with oscillating thermal stress Manon Gachelin 1 & Marc Boutoute 1 & Gregory Carrier 2 & Amélie Talec 1 & Eric Pruvost 1 & Freddy Guihéneuf 1,3 & Olivier Bernard 4 & Antoine Sciandra 1 Received: 5 March 2020 / Revised: 21 October 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Adaptive laboratory evolution is a powerful tool for microorganism improvement likely to produce enhanced microalgae better tailored to their industrial uses. In this work, 12 wild-type strains of Tisochrysis lutea were co-cultivated under increasing thermal stress for 6 months. Indeed, temperature was oscillating daily between a high and a low temperature, with increasing amplitude along the experiment. The goal was to enhance the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the polar lipids. Samples were taken throughout the evolution experiment and cultivated in standardized conditions to analyze the evolution of the lipid profile. Genomic analysis of the final population shows that two strains survived. The lipid content doubled, impacting all lipid classes. The fatty acid analyses show a decrease in SFAs correlated with an increase in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), while changes in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) vary between both photobioreactors. Hence, the proportion of C18-MUFAs (18:1 n-9) and most C18-PUFAs (18:2 n-6, 18:3 n-3, and 18:4 n-3) increased, suggesting their potential role in adjusting membrane fluidity to temperature shifts. Of particular interest, DHA in polar lipids tripled in the final population while the growth rate was not affected. Key points • Adaptive laboratory evolution on a mix of 12 T. lutea strains led to survival of 2 • Thermal stress impacted cell size, total lipid cell content, and all lipid classes • DHA cell content partitioned to polar lipids tripled throughout the experiment Keywords Tisochrysis lutea . Polar lipids . Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) . Temperature . DHA
Introduction Microalgae are known for their diverse and original metabolisms, leading to an ability to produce many bioactive compounds depending on species and cultivation strategies. They therefore offer potential applications in food and feed, * Manon Gachelin [email protected] 1
Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV, UMR 7093), Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Station zoologique, 181 Chemin du Lazaret, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
2
Laboratoire Physiologie et Biotechnologie des Algues (PBA), IFREMER, Nantes, France
3
SAS Inalve, 181 chemin du lazaret, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
4
Biocore, INRIA Sophia Antipolis Méditerranée, Valbonne, France
cosmetics, and pharmaceutics (Spolaore et al. 2006). Microalgae have an interesting potential for food and feed, as natural resources become more and more limited (FAO 2017). The phenotypic plasticity of their metabolisms allows to cope with environmental fluctuat
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