Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World Volume 2: Remediatio
Environmental chemistry is a fast developing science aimed at deciphering fundamental mechanisms ruling the behaviour of pollutants in ecosystems. Applying this knowledge to current environmental issues leads to the remediation of environmental media, and
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Eric Lichtfouse • Jan Schwarzbauer Didier Robert Editors
Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World Volume 2: Remediation of Air and Water Pollution
Editors Eric Lichtfouse INRA, UMR Agroécologie Dijon, France [email protected] www.researcherid.com/rid/F-4759-2011 Didier Robert Laboratory of de Chimie Industrielle rue Victor Demange Université de Metz 57500 Saint-Avold France [email protected]
Jan Schwarzbauer RWTH Aachen Institute für Geologie, Geochemie u. Lagerstätten d. Erdöls u. d. Kohle Lochnerstr. 4-20, 52056 Aachen Germany [email protected]
ISBN 978-94-007-2438-9 e-ISBN 978-94-007-2439-6 DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2439-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011942475 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
I was at a conference where someone said something about the Holocene. I suddenly thought this was wrong. The world has changed too much. So I said: ‘No, we are in the Anthropocene.’ I just made up the word on the spur of the moment. Everyone was shocked. But it seems to have stuck. Nobel Prize-winner Paul Crutzen
To find rapidly chapters of interest in this book please see list of topics in Table 1 page ix.
Fukushima, Chernobyl and Climate Change Nuclear Plants on Earthquake Zones Everybody has been recently shocked by the major accident of the nuclear power plant on March 31, 2011 at Fukushima, Japan. Such a failure was both unexpected and expected. Unexpected because most thought that the 1986 nuclear disaster at the power plant of Chernobyl, Ukraine, could never happen again, especially in wealthy, high technology countries such as Japan. Expected because geology tells us that Japan lies on the cusp of the Pacific-Philippine-Eurasian triple plate junction, where the complex interactions of three tectonic plates is unpredictable and loaded with potential activity. As a consequence, Japan experiences regular, high intensity earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanoes since centuries. Similarly to the Chernobyl global ‘event’, the release of radioactive pollutants from Fukushima nuclear plant in water, air, and soil will most probably severely affect human health, food security and economy worldwide for decades. Therefore, one might just ask why nuclear plants are built on such high-risk areas.
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Preface
Human Errors Are Repeatable The global warming event has similar features – though less rapid and catastrophic – as the Chernobyl and Fukushima events on several rationales. First, the global warming
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