Environmental pollutants and the risk of neurological disorders
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EDITORIAL
Environmental pollutants and the risk of neurological disorders Lotfi Aleya 1 & Md. Sahab Uddin 2,3
# Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Neurological disorders have attracted considerable attention in the last decades owing to their large burden on global health. Currently, about 100 million people worldwide are affected by neurological disorders and represent 20% of the global burden of disease. The most common devastating neurological disorders are Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementias, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, stroke, brain tumors, brain trauma, etc. These disorders represent prominent causes of morbidity and mortality but the etiology of these disorders is still ambiguous. However, recently, the impact of the environment as a prominent risk factor has gained importance to the onset of these disorders. Emerging evidence indicates that environmental exposures such as air pollution can lead to chronic oxidative stress that plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease—the most common form of dementia. Furthermore, neurotoxic metals, as well as exposure to some pesticides, may augment protein misfolding and aggregation that serves as a precursor for copious degenerative brain ailments. Therefore, analyzing the tie of environmental factors and neurological disarrays is likely to help in the development of therapeutic strategies that can restore typical brain function. This special issue explores the role of environmental pollutants as risk factors for neurological disorders and their mechanisms of action as well as preventing the effects of pollutants on brain health. Rahman et al. (2020) discussed the possible correlation between environmental factors and Alzheimer’s disease, based on the recent findings. The authors suggested that Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Lotfi Aleya [email protected] 1
Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
2
Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3
Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
further epidemiological investigations are essential to reduce the progress of neurodegeneration. Niaz et al. (2020) highlighted the underlying mechanisms of ochratoxin A regarding genotoxicity and epigenetic modulations that lead to Alzheimer’s disease. The authors recommended several phytochemicals, drugs, and trace elements to attenuate ochratoxin A-mediated effects; however, further studies are necessary to understand the exact mechanisms. Salem et al. (2020) evaluated the neurobehavioral performance among secondhand tobacco smoke-exposed Egyptian basic school children (10–12 years) and its relationship with urinary cotinine levels. This study exposed that children had suggestively lower performance in attention and visuomotor speed tests than control subjects as well as neurobehavioral effects were correlated with urinary coti
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