Epidemiology of Pulmonary Embolism

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Incidence of VTE and associated mortality is affected by the presence of risk factors, associated comorbid conditions, increased sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic

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Belinda Rivera-Lebron Gustavo A. Heresi   Editors

Pulmonary Embolism

From Acute PE to Chronic Complications

Respiratory Medicine Series Editors Sharon I.S. Rounds Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence, RI, USA Anne Dixon University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine Burlington, VT, USA Lynn M. Schnapp University of Wisconsin - Madison Madison, WI, USA

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7665

Belinda Rivera-Lebron  •  Gustavo A. Heresi Editors

Pulmonary Embolism From Acute PE to Chronic Complications

Editors Belinda Rivera-Lebron Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA USA

Gustavo A. Heresi Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH USA

ISSN 2197-7372     ISSN 2197-7380 (electronic) Respiratory Medicine ISBN 978-3-030-51735-9    ISBN 978-3-030-51736-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51736-6 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Humana imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Contents

Epidemiology of Pulmonary Embolism ��������������������������������������������������������    1 Rami Alashram, Eneida Male, and Parth Rali PE Diagnosis ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������   13 Soophia Khan Naydenov and An Thi Nhat Ho  Risk Stratification of Acute PE ����������������������������������������������������������������������   33 Gabrielle VanSpeybroeck and Belinda Rivera-Lebron  Bleeding Risk Considerations Prior to Initiation and Duration of Anticoagulation Therapy for the Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism������������������������������������������