Epilepsy Animal and Human Correlations
Correlation is a vital element in epilepsy research, especially given the condition’s notorious resistance to treatment. With a current ‘rate of translation’ estimated at between seven and nine years, and a translation ‘success rate’ of below 50 per cent,
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David W. McCandless
Epilepsy Animal and Human Correlations
David W. McCandless The Chicago Medical School Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy Rosalind Franklin University Chicago, IL, USA
ISBN 978-1-4614-0108-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-0361-6 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0361-6 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011934492 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
This volume is dedicated to Jason David McCandless.
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Foreword
In April 2011, just a few weeks after our dad submitted the manuscript for this book, he unexpectedly passed away. Dad devoted his career to science and teaching. Over the final few years of his life, he became especially focused on writing medical books. His strong commitment and devotion to sharing his knowledge and contributing to scientific discourse were evident to everyone around him. These books are Dad’s legacy and symbolize his dedication to education and the advancement of science. This book on epilepsy was especially meaningful to him. We are particularly grateful to Dr. Richard Wiggins for editing the final proofs of the manuscript. Not only was Dr. Wiggins a colleague and collaborator with our dad, he was also a close friend. We feel honored that Dad was such an integral part of our lives. He was an outstanding role model and a strong influence on our own educations. We will miss him dearly. Jeffrey and Steven McCandless
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Preface
This volume is intended to be a synopsis of seizure disorders with a goal of describing key studies in animals and humans. The translation of pertinent findings from animal to human studies, and to potential human studies, is emphasized where possible. Specific cogent animal studies/results that deserve exploration in human seizure disorders are identified. The current rate of translation is estimated to be from 7 to 9 years, and the success rate of translation was very recently listed as less than one half. The success rate is defined as results in human studies which were predicted in advance by animal studies. Both the time between animal and human attempts plus the success rate clearly need improvement. A clear cause of delay is a lack of controlled randomized
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