Establishment of a Convenient System for the Culture and Study of Perineurium Barrier In Vitro
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Establishment of a Convenient System for the Culture and Study of Perineurium Barrier In Vitro Xuemin Yin1 · Xiaohao Liu1,4 · Yan Zhang1 · Jiao Zeng2,3 · Xiaodan Liang1 · Xiaojun Yang2,3 · Jin Hou2,3 Received: 22 June 2020 / Accepted: 29 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The perineurium serves as a selective, metabolically active diffusion barrier in the peripheral nervous system, which is composed of perineurial cells joined together by tight junctions (TJs). Not only are these junctions known to play an essential role in maintaining cellular polarity and tissue integrity, but also limit the paracellular diffusion of certain molecules and ions, whereas loss of TJs barrier function is imperative for tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. Hence, a detailed study on the barrier function of perineurial cells may provide insights into the molecular mechanism of perineural invasion (PNI). In this study, we aimed to develop an efficient procedure for the establishment of perineurial cell lines as a tool for investigating the physiology and pathophysiology of the peripheral nerve barriers. Herein, the isolation, expansion, characterization and maintenance of perineurial cell lines under favourable conditions are presented. Furthermore, the analysis of the phenotypic features of these perineurial cells as well as the barrier function for the study of PNI are described. Such techniques may provide a valuable means for the functional and molecular investigation of perineurial cells, and in particular may elucidate the pathogenesis and progression of PNI, and other peripheral nerve disorders. Keywords Peripheral nerve · Perineurium barrier · Perineurial cell · Tight junction · Perineural invasion
Introduction Perineural invasion (PNI) refers to invasion and metastasis of tumour cells along a nerve or membrane structure around nerve fibres. PNI is one of the markers of a malignant tumour and a distinctive mechanism of malignant tumour metastasis, which often leads to incomplete tumour resection Xuemin Yin and Xiaohao Liu have contributed equally to this work. * Xiaojun Yang [email protected] * Jin Hou [email protected] 1
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
2
Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
3
College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
4
Department of Stomatology, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
and postoperative tumour recurrence and seriously affects the prognosis of patients (Chen et al. 2019). Liebig et al. first defined PNI as a condition in which a tumour is close to nerve fibres and surrounding the periphery of nerve fibres by at least 33% or in which tumour cells have invaded into any of three layers of connective tissue enveloping nerve fibres; this definition also constitutes the pathological diagnostic criteria
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