Estimation of hybrid jig separation efficiency using a modified concentration criterion based on apparent densities of p
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Estimation of hybrid jig separation efficiency using a modified concentration criterion based on apparent densities of plastic particles with attached bubbles Mayumi Ito1 · Ayumu Saito2 · Nana Murase2 · Theerayut Phengsaart2,3 · Shoko Kimura4 · Naho Kitajima2 · Megumi Takeuchi2 · Carlito Baltazar Tabelin1,5 · Naoki Hiroyoshi1 Received: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 27 July 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The hybrid jig, which combines the principles of jig separation and flotation, was recently developed to separate mixedplastics with similar specific gravities (SG) effectively. In this type of jig, air bubbles are introduced during water pulsation to modify the apparent SG (SGapparent) of plastics by the attachment of air bubbles to the particles so that the hybrid jig can separate materials having identical SGs if their surface wettabilities are different. Because the change in SGapparent— determined by the volume of attached bubbles on the particle surface—is critical for efficient separation in hybrid jigs, a method to estimate this parameter should be developed. In this study, a laser-assisted measurement apparatus was developed to quantify the attached-bubble volume on plastics during water pulsation. Hybrid jig separation was also conducted using three mixtures containing plastics of almost identical SGs: (i) polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/polyethylene terephthalate (PET), (ii) polypropylene with glass fiber (PPGF)/high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), and (iii) cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE)/ polyethylene (PE). Finally, to estimate the separation efficiency of hybrid jig, a new index called the apparent concentration criterion (CCapparent) is proposed. The results showed that SGapparent and CCapparent calculated using the proposed methods could be used to estimate the hybrid jig separation efficiency. Keywords Recycling · Jig · Hybrid jig · Plastic separation · Attached-bubble volume
Introduction
* Mayumi Ito [email protected] 1
Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita‑ku, Sapporo 060‑8628, Japan
2
Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita‑ku, Sapporo 060‑8628, Japan
3
Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
4
Cooperative Program for Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita‑ku, Sapporo 060‑8628, Japan
5
School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
The generation of plastic-dominated wastes has exploded globally in recent years primarily because of the wide availability and the unique properties of plastic-based materials that make them superior to traditional materials like wood and metals. Jambeck et al. [1] estimated that 275 million metric tons of plastic-dominated wa
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