Estimation of hydraulic conductivity in fractured crystalline aquifers using remote sensing and field data analyses: An
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Indian Academy of Sciences (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789( ).,-volV)
Estimation of hydraulic conductivity in fractured crystalline aquifers using remote sensing and Beld data analyses: An example from Wadi Nasab area, South Sinai, Egypt AHMED EL-RAYES1,* , ADEL OMRAN2,3, MOHAMED GERIESH1 and VOLKER HOCHSCHILD3 1 Faculty 2
of Science, Geology Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Science and Mathematics Department, Suez University, Suez, Egypt. 3 € € € Department of Geography, Tubingen University, Rumelinstr 19-23, Tubingen, Germany. *Corresponding author. e-mail: ahmed˙[email protected] MS received 5 August 2019; revised 16 April 2020; accepted 7 July 2020
Fractured crystalline aquifer is considered as the main source of water supply in most of the arid and semi-arid regions. Fractures play an essential role as pathways through which groundwater Cows from high catchments to supply the productive wells in lowlands. The hydraulic conductivity measurements for highly fractured crystalline aquifers are a must for optimal management of groundwater extraction from these aquifers. The current work aims at estimating the hydraulic conductivity of the crystalline aquifer by using an unconventional approach based entirely on the processing of remotely-sensed lineament data and Beld observations. Extracted lineaments at four sites near the productive wells along Wadi Nasab area (WNA) were traced from Landsat (ETM+7) and other ancillary geological data by using image processing and GIS tools. Hence, four discrete fracture networks (DFN) were designed and practiced for the selected test sites to model the groundwater Cow through the fracture system in order to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of the investigated crystalline aquifer. The achieved results indicated that the hydraulic conductivity of fractured basement aquifer of WNA varied between 2.3 9 107 and 6.1 9 107 m/s. The estimated hydraulic conductivity values are close to the values of previous Beld inBltration tests in the nearby area at Sinai. The previously estimated inBltration rates (expressing the vertical hydraulic conductivity) on the fractured crystalline outcrops ranged between 2.6 9 106 and 6.5 9 107 m/s, which are concordant with achieved results. Moreover, the achieved values match the previously published values of hydraulic conductivity for similar crystalline aquifers around the world, reCecting the high validity of the used unconventional, low-cost approach to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of fractured crystalline aquifers. The designed approach can be potentially practiced on similar basins in Sinai peninsula and other comparable basins having similar geological and climatic environments around the world. Keywords. Hydraulic conductivity; groundwater Cow model; Sinai.
crystalline
aquifers;
remote
sensing;
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1. Introduction The crystalline basement, mostly igneous and metamorphosed rocks, and associated aquifers occur
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