Ethanol Monitoring Gas Sensor Based on Flower-Shaped Copper Sulfide by a Facile Hydrothermal Method for Marine Transport
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JMEPEG https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-04450-z
Ethanol Monitoring Gas Sensor Based on Flower-Shaped Copper Sulfide by a Facile Hydrothermal Method for Marine Transportation Dapeng Wang, Menghan Sun, Guoqing Feng, and Chengwen Song (Submitted February 2, 2019; in revised form August 26, 2019) Flower-shaped CuS as a p-type gas-sensing material was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method in this study. Morphology, structure, and chemical composition of the synthesized CuS gas-sensing material were analyzed by SEM, XRD, XPS, and N2 adsorption adsorption–desorption technique. Gas-sensing properties of the as-prepared CuS sensors were also investigated toward ethanol monitoring. The results showed that the flower-like CuS nanostructures consisted of interconnected nanosheets and exhibited good crystallinity. With the increase in ethanol concentration, the sensitivity of the CuS sensor significantly increased and indicated a roughly linear relationship at the optimal operating temperature of 260 °C. The ethanol-selective characteristics of the CuS sensor against other interfering gases including methanol, benzene, dichloromethane, and hexane were studied, and the gas response of the CuS sensor synthesized at 170 °C toward 100 ppm ethanol was 5.22, which was significantly higher than all the other gases. Moreover, 14-day continuous measurement further confirmed the excellent stability of the CuS sensor. Keywords
CuS, ethanol, gas sensor, monitoring
1. Introduction Marine transportation accounts for more than 70% of global trade due to its high throughput, low expense, and lessrestricted access to the shipping lines (Ref 1). Among various goods transported by ships, liquid chemicals including liquid hydrocarbons, oil, liquefied natural gas, etc. are an important class of marine transport commodities. However, the leak of these liquid chemicals in transportation and storage will give rise to serious environmental and safety problems due to their particular properties (flammable, toxic, and explosive). Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to increase safety requirements, and thus a fast and real-time monitoring of ethanol in transportation and storage has become an especially necessary and urgent strategy (Ref 2-4). Chemiresistive gas sensors based on semiconductor materials are the most used and studied devices designed for the monitoring of flammable, toxic, and explosive gases due to simplicity in device structure and circuitry, rapid response, and longevity. Moreover, the sensors are ease of fabrication at low production cost, which favors batch production at the commercial scale (Ref 5, 6). In recent years, with the rapid development of micro- and nanomanufacturing technology, various nanosized semiconductor materials, including Ln2O3, WO3, ZnO, CuO, MoO3, ZnS,
Dapeng Wang, Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, China; and Menghan Sun, Guoqing Feng, and Chengwen Song, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116
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