Evaluating Population-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Beyond a Randomized Controlled Trial: A Mathematical Modelling A
Although the effectiveness of mass screening for colorectal cancer (CRC), stool-based tests, for example, has been demonstrated by randomized controlled trials (RCTs), whether the same benefits can be similarly observed in population-based organized servi
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Colorectal Cancer Screening
Han-Mo Chiu • Hsiu-Hsi Chen Editors
Colorectal Cancer Screening Theory and Practical Application
Editors Han-Mo Chiu Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
Hsiu-Hsi Chen Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
ISBN 978-981-15-7481-8 ISBN 978-981-15-7482-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7482-5 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Foreword
Thirty-six years ago a valued mentor suggested that I assist him develop screening for colorectal cancer. He indicated that we needed a better understanding of occult bleeding from colorectal neoplasia and of the biochemical principles underlying effective detection using faecal occult blood tests. As a young gastroenterologist, this was not at first appealing to me because it was not an area that gastroenterologists, or surgical colleagues for that matter, were particularly interested in. I quickly realised that this was being shortsighted. So, I took the advice of my mentor and embarked upon a long journey addressing research and clinical practice. During this time, there have been major advances in screening and diagnostic technologies as well as in the skill of the practitioners in diagnosis and treatment. Proof that we should go down this path came in the 1990s, when it was shown that faecal occult blood tests reduce population mortality from a disease which, by then, was affecting 1,000,000 people annually around the world. It took a long time for practitioners, healthcare policymakers
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