Evaluation of Arthrospira sp. enzyme hydrolysate as dietary additive in gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ) juveniles
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Evaluation of Arthrospira sp. enzyme hydrolysate as dietary additive in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles Alba Galafat 1 & Antonio Jesús Vizcaíno 1 & María Isabel Sáez 1 & Tomás Francisco Martínez 1 & Ismael Jérez-Cepa 2 & Juan Miguel Mancera 2 & Francisco Javier Alarcón 1 Received: 3 March 2020 / Revised and accepted: 27 April 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the dietary inclusion of Arthrospira sp. enzyme hydrolysate on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles in a 128-day feeding trial. Algal hydrolysate was tested at low inclusion level, namely, 2 and 4%, against a control diet without Arthrospira sp. supplementation. At the end of the feeding trial, fish body weight was recorded for growth evaluation. No significant differences were found among the experimental groups regarding growth performance or nutrient utilization, despite the fact that those animals fed with diets enriched with Arthrospira displayed higher trypsin, chymotrypsin, and leucine aminopeptidase enzyme activities, compared to fish fed with control diet. The ultrastructural study of the intestinal mucosa also revealed increased microvilli length and absorptive capacity in fish fed with Arthrospira sp. diets, especially at 4% inclusion level. Arthrospira supplementation was also responsible for lower lipid oxidation in muscle tissue, as well as for remarkable colour differences in skin, compared to control animals. These results suggest, overall, that low dietary supplementation with this microalgal hydrolysate might improve not only the intestinal ultrastructure and functionality but also muscle pigmentation and antioxidant capacity of juvenile gilthead seabream. Keywords Growth performance . Intestine ultrastructure . Functional additive . Microalgae hydrolysate
Introduction The interest in microalgae has increased strongly in the last years, given that they have valuable potential for reducing the dependence on unsustainable conventional raw ingredients in aquafeeds (Shah et al. 2018). The use of microalgae in aquaculture can be approached from two perspectives: on one hand, taking into account their nutritive value as protein and lipid sources, and on the other, considering that microalgae also have plenty of substances with potential bioactive effects. Abundant literature on the first consideration is available, but it is likely that the main constraint for extensive utilization
* Francisco Javier Alarcón [email protected] 1
Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (Cei·mar), Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
2
Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Marinas y Ambientales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (Cei·mar), Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
of microalgae consists of the fact that any satisfactory alternative feed ingredient must be able to supply comparable nutritional value at competitive cost. To date, this is far from being achieved, given that an
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