Evolution mechanism study of flow slide catastrophes in large waste dumps at the Nanfen iron mine
- PDF / 8,143,604 Bytes
- 15 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 101 Downloads / 216 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Evolution mechanism study of flow slide catastrophes in large waste dumps at the Nanfen iron mine Hai-bin Wang 1 & Fei Yan 1
&
Xiao-chun Li 1 & Zi-jun Mi 2 & Xiang-ming Li 3 & Shao-quan Wang 4
Received: 7 January 2020 / Accepted: 10 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, we applied historical matching and self-analogism methods, as well as laboratory physical-mechanics tests, to study the evolution mechanism of the collapse-slide-flow slide at the waste dump on the slope of the chair-shaped gully, as well as the evolution mechanism of the subsequent debris flow. Our analyses indicate that (1) an excessive fine particle content results in a relatively large specific surface area and further enhances water retention performance, (2) rainfall infiltration was concentrated at the contact surface between chair-shaped valley and bottom of the bulk, and (3) with high-intensity continuous rock discharge during the snow and ice period, a mixed frozen body of ice waste stone particles forms, such that ice melting in the spring leads to a sudden change in the shear strength near the contact interface between the waste rock pile foundation and the bulk. Dual effects, essential internal factors, i.e., shear strength and water retention, induced external factors, i.e., ice-freezing skeleton-melting structure collapse, and the chimney effect drive the slope toe of the waste dump. The weak interface of the Quaternary base gradually penetrates the interior of the dumping body, beginning to form from a single-stage traction landslide and evolving into a multi-stage rotary landslide. The sliding surface is characterized by the shear outlet at the front edge of the slope toe, quaternary base interface, and nearly vertical and steep trailing edge. During this movement, gasification on the sliding surface and particle rotation lead to long run-out sliding, which magnifies the scope of disaster. Keywords Single-high terrace waste dump . Chair-shaped gully foundation . Retrogressive landslide . Freeze–thaw cycle . Soil particle transfer effect . Lubrication effect with sluggish water
Introduction In China, there are approximately 90,000 non-coal mines, which have yielded approximately 1 billion t/a of mining waste (Wang et al. 2011, 2012; Kang et al. 2020). To achieve the goal of “minimum land acquisition, maximum capacity,” * Fei Yan [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiaohongshan, Wu Chang, Wuhan 430071, China
2
Taiyuan Iron & Steel(Group) Co., Ltd, Mining Company, Taiyuan 030027, China
3
Benxi Iron & Steel(Group) Co., Ltd, Mining Company, Benxi 030027, China
4
Northern Engineering & Technology Corporation, MCC, Dalian 114009, China
relevant mining authorities have generally built single highterrace waste dumps (Shakesby and Whitlow 1991; Zhan et al. 2018; Oparin et al. 2013). Dumping sites are usually situated on steep gullies or slopes
Data Loading...
