Evolving a total-evaluation map of flash flood hazard for hydro-prioritization based on geohydromorphometric parameters
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Evolving a total‑evaluation map of flash flood hazard for hydro‑prioritization based on geohydromorphometric parameters and GIS–RS manner in Al‑Hussain river basin, Tartous, Syria Hazem Ghassan Abdo1,2,3 Received: 16 September 2019 / Accepted: 15 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Floods are one of the most severe hydrological hazards that cause an excessive threat to landscape stability, population welfare, infrastructure and spatial development in the Syrian coastal region. Al-Hussain river basin, like other Syrian coastal basins, is prone to a hazardous, frequent-flooding threat. However, investigating the probable areas of flooding risk is a difficult challenge that results from the almost complete absence of spatially distributed geo-hydrological measurements in Al-Hussain river basin. In this regard, geohydromorphometric parameters (Stream number Nu, Stream length Lu, Bifurcation ratio Rb, Form factor F, Elongation ratio Eb, Drainage density Dd, Stream frequency Fs, Drainage texture Td, Lemniscate ratio K, Compactness index C, Circulatory ratio Rc, Ruggedness number Rn, Basin relief Hr, and Relief ratio Rr) derived from remote sensing data in the GIS environment can provide a comprehensive and objective approach that can be utilized to map the spatial distribution of flood hazards at the level of delineated sub-basins. This being the case, the present research focuses on exploring the spatial distribution of flood risk in ten sub-basins belonging to Al-Hussain river basin by using spatial techniques tools in order to overall determine the hydro-prioritization of conservation. The geo-visualization map of generated flash flood susceptibility evaluates five degrees of the flood risk: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. The flood risk map indicates that Qalea, and Talaa sub-basins have massive hydrodynamic risk, which, in turn, indicates the urgent need of soil and water maintaining measures. This hydrological dynamic in these sub-basins is explained by high values of Dd, F, Rr, Rn, Rc, and K, respectively. Overall, the spatial outcomes of the current work successfully proved the efficiency of extracted geohydromorphometric layers from RS data in the context of the spatial assessment of flash flood hazard; they also ensure ecological sustainability and productivity of the study basin. Keywords Syrian coastal region · Flooding hazard · Geohydromorphometric parameters · Sub-basin prioritization · GIS
* Hazem Ghassan Abdo [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Natural Hazards
1 Introduction A river-watershed is considered a fundamental landscape hydrological entity (Chorley 1969; Farhan et al. 2015). The flooding hazard is one of the most significant geo-hydrological risks that threaten the socioeconomic system of river basins (Jothibasu and Anbazhagan 2016; Arora et al. 2019). In this context, the spatial integration of structural setting, geomorphological, climatic and landscape properties are determining
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