Flood inundation modeling and hazard assessment in Lower Ping River Basin using MIKE FLOOD
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Flood inundation modeling and hazard assessment in Lower Ping River Basin using MIKE FLOOD Husnain Tansar 1,2
&
Muhammad Babur 3 & Surchai Lai Karnchanapaiboon 2
Received: 27 February 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract Annual fluvial and pluvial floods happened in Lower Ping River Basin, Thailand. A flood hazard assessment approach was performed in the present study to evaluate flood impacts. The coupled 1D-2D hydrodynamic (HD) modeling package was applied for different return periods to investigate and classify the flood hazards. The 1D hydrodynamic model was calibrated for flood year 2011 at discharge and water level stations. The 2D hydrodynamic model was calibrated using observed flood map. Flood hazards were categorized based on critical flood depths for flooding scenarios of 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year return periods. The results showed that 28.8% of the total basin area (2423.8 km2) was flooded during the 100-year return period, and the maximum flood inundation area was observed in Kamphaengphet and Nakhon Sawan provinces. Mostly, the flooded area under each return period was categorized under high hazard, followed by low and medium, and the least area was classified under a very high hazard level. More than 40% of sub-districts’ area of Kamphaengphet and Nakhon Sawan provinces were flooded, which is located along the Ping River, while less than 20% sub-districts’ area was flooded in Tak Province. The government and local stakeholders need to consider structural and nonstructural measures to reduce flood impacts in three provinces, and prioritybased areal flood management approaches should be considered during the implementation of flood mitigation measures. Keywords Flood hazard . Flood inundation modeling . Lower Ping River . Return period
Introduction Floods are the most common and devastating natural disasters, frequently happening around the globe (Patra et al. 2016). The magnitude and intensity of these natural disasters range over Responsible Editor: Broder J. Merkel * Husnain Tansar [email protected] Muhammad Babur [email protected] Surchai Lai Karnchanapaiboon [email protected] 1
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
2
PANYA Consultants Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand
3
Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, University of Central Punjab, 1 - Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan
time and space (Tsakiris 2014). The intensity and frequency of flood events have increased during the last few decades as a result of global climate change and human activities (Mokhtar et al. 2018); in addition, flooding has been found to be caused by shallow groundwater rise (Iwalewa et al. 2016). Over the last three decades, the destructive flood events happened in the world and led to the loss of thousands of lives, destruction of economic infrastructure and public properties, and significantly affected h
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