Examination of the Relationship between Cyberbullying and Cyber Victimization
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Examination of the Relationship between Cyberbullying and Cyber Victimization Hatice Yildiz Durak1 Mustafa Saritepeci2 ●
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© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Behaviors which are conducted via information technologies, which are irritating, and which cause psychological strain for the individuals are categorized as cyberbullying (CB). Cyber victimization (CV), on the other hand, expresses exposure to CB behaviors. In this study, we utilize General Strain Theory (GST) as the theoretical basis to examine the relationship between CB and exposure to CV among university students. GST explains that individuals may display aberrant behaviors in order to alleviate psychological strains and the negative emotions they experience. Accordingly, individuals who experienced CV may display CB when the conditions are suitable. With that in mind, we examined the relationship between CB and CV using a relational screening model with participation of 3302 university students. We found, consistent with the literature, a direct relationship between CB and CV in all models. However, it was determined that their mediating effects are not meaningful when the variables of metacognitive and digital data security awareness (DDSA) are added to the model separately. When these two variables are added to the model together as the mediator at the same time, DDSA negatively mediates the relation between CB and CV. Including various activities aiming to develop DDSA within intervention programs for CB and CV, may improve positive outcomes for participants. Keywords Cyberbullying Cyber victimization Digital data security awareness Metacognitive awareness University students ●
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Highlights ● There is a significant relationship between CB and CV. ● The borders between CB and CV are unclear and have a transitive structure. ● Metacognitive awareness and DDSA are together effective as the mediator variable on CB and CV. ● In this study, developing two new dimensions (metacognitive awareness and DDSA) will have significant contributions for the intervention programs on CB and CV.
The use of information technologies in many fields has provided benefits; however, some challenges caused by the misuse of these technologies also arise. Information technologies facilitate daily life, although this may become
* Hatice Yildiz Durak [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Technology and Information Systems, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
2
Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technology, Ereğli Faculty of Education, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
detrimental and irritating for other people in the case of malevolent use of media (Durak and Seferoğlu 2016). These kinds of irritating and negative actions developing through information technologies are identified as cyberbullying. According to Shariff (2008), cyberbullying involves threatening, defamation, and humiliation of other individuals through digital means
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