Hoarding as a means of interconnectedness with objects: Psychometric examination of the relationship between self and it
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Hoarding as a means of interconnectedness with objects: Psychometric examination of the relationship between self and items scale Mary E. Dozier 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Introduction Although some of the etiological factors contributing to the development of hoarding (e.g., emotion dysregulation; Crone and Norberg 2018) are central to the development of any psychopathology, research increasingly suggests that one of the more unique factors that specifically determines development of hoarding psychopathology is attachment to objects (Kehoe and Egan 2019; Yap and Grisham 2019; Yap et al. 2020). The Relationship between Self and Items (RSI; Dozier et al. 2017; see Fig. 1) scale was developed to facilitate research on individuals’ sense of interconnectedness with their items while minimizing social desirability cues and participant burden. The RSI was adapted from the Inclusion of Other in Self scale (IOS; Aron et al. 1992), a well-validated one-item visual assessment of an individual’s perception of their sense of interrelatedness with another individual (Branand et al. 2019). The RSI consists of a series of Venn-like diagrams with increasing levels of overlap between circles labeled “self” and “objects”. Participants are instructed to “circle the picture that best describes your current relationship with your items.” Although the initial investigation of the RSI was promising, it had several major limitations. In particular, the study was limited to older individuals who met diagnostic criteria for hoarding disorder and a small community sample (Dozier et al. 2017). The presentation of hoarding symptoms and associated constructs is likely to differ across the lifespan (Ivanov et al. 2017, 2020; Kellman-McFarlane et al. 2019), necessitating the investigation of the RSI in younger samples. Furthermore, the geographical location of the initial study (southern California) represented a barrier to generalization of results to individuals from other parts of the country. * Mary E. Dozier [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 6161, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
Examining the psychometric properties of a hoarding measure in a variety of samples is critical for informing the generalizability of subsequent research (e.g., Liu et al. 2020). Thus, the purpose of the current study was to explore the psychometric properties of the RSI in a larger younger sample recruited from a rural town in the southeastern United States by examing the pattern of associations between the RSI and theoretically related (i.e., increased hoarding severity and anxiety/depression, decreased companionship) and unrelated (i.e., emotional support) constructs. The working hypothesis was that the RSI would be less associated with measures of anxiety and depression than a verbal measure of hoarding severity due to its visual nature.
Methods Participants (N = 400) were recruited using the online undergraduate psychology research pool at a larg
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