Experience and Reason The Phenomenology of Husserl and its Relation

In this work the author has tried to present a brief exposition of the phenomenology of HusserI. In doing this, he had in mind a two-fold purpose. He wanted on the one hand to give a critical exposition, interpretation and appreciation of the most leading

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EXPERIENCE AND REASON The Phenomenology of Husserl and its Relation to Hume's Philosophy

by

R. A. MALL

MARTIN US NI]HOFF

I THE

HAGUE / 1973

© I973 by Martinus Nijhofl. The Hague. Netherlands All rights reserved. including the right to translate or to reproduce this book or parts thereof in any form ISBN-13: 978-90-247-1494-0 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-010-2414-3 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-010-2414-3

CONTENTS

Preface Abbreviations

I. Introductory II. The Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl

VII IX I

8

III. Husserl's Appreciation and Understanding of Hume

19

IV. The Theory of the "Generalthesis der natiirlichen Einstellung" (Husserl) and the System of the "vulgar consciousness" (Hume)

29

V. The Concept of Reduction VI. The Concept of Constitution and Hume's Imagination VII. The Concept of the "Lebenswelt" and the "external world" of Hume VIII. The Science of transcendental Subjectivity and of Human Nature IX. Experience X. Reason XI. Experience and Reason XII. Towards a Theory of "Comprehensive, Critical and Reflective Experience" Bibliographical References

37 49 64 78 94 III

127 138 I48

PREFACE

In this work the author has tried to present a brief exposition of the phenomenology of HusserI. In doing this, he had in mind a two-fold purpose. He wanted on the one hand to give a critical exposition, interpretation and appreciation of the most leading concepts of HusserIian phenomenology. On the other hand, he tried to show that a true comprehensive understanding of HusserI's phenomenology culminates in his teaching of experience and reason. It is the strong conviction of the author that the central-most teaching of HusserI's phenomenology is the discovery of the "noeticnoematic" correlativity. In the reduced realm of "constitutingintentionality," the distinction between reason and experience seems to vanish, and these two concepts become interchangeable terms. The present study suffers from one great limitation, and this must be made clear right here in order to avoid any misconception about the author's intentions. The author has not discussed the other important theories of experience and reason. He has undertaken the humble task of giving an account of HusserI's phenomenology of experience and reason. The bringing in of Hume serves, as would be clear in the course of the book, a two-fold purpose. It tries on the one hand to show the programmatic similarity between the philosophies of these two philosophers. On the other hand, it implicitly maintains that the philosophical continuity from Hume to HusserI runs not so much via Kant, but rather via Meinong, Brentano, Avenarius, James and so forth. The author's interpretation of HusserI's phenomenology is very sympathetic without being uncritical or orthodox Husserlian. The author wishes to thank Professors Ludwig Landgrebe (with whom he has worked for a long time, and whose lectures have greatly influenced his philosophical thought) and Gerhard Funke (with whom

VIII

PREFACE

he has discussed some of the very knotty problems of Husserlian phenomenology). The author i