Experimental and Numerical Studies on Pull-out Behavior of Granular Anchor Pile Foundation Embedded in Sandy Soil
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CIVIL ENGINEERING
Experimental and Numerical Studies on Pull-out Behavior of Granular Anchor Pile Foundation Embedded in Sandy Soil Heena Malhotra1
· Sanjay Kumar Singh1
Received: 18 April 2020 / Accepted: 4 October 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract The granular anchor pile foundation (GAPF) is an improved foundation technique used to withstand compressive as well as tensile forces and effectively reduce the settlement of soil. In this paper, the behavior of a GAPF system was studied in sandy soil. Pull-out load tests were conducted on GAPF by varying different parameters viz. length of pile (250 mm, 350 mm and 450 mm), L/D ratio (7.5, 10 and 12.5) and group of piles (spacing 2D, 2.5D and 3D). The test results indicate that the pull-out capacity decreases with the increase in L/D ratio from 7.5 to 12.5. The group effect resulted in increased uplift load in comparison to that of a single GAP tested. Finite element analysis using PLAXIS 3D software had also been carried out to validate the results of physical model tests. On comparison of numerical and model study results, a reasonable agreement has been found. Keywords Granular anchor pile foundation (GAPF) · Pull-out load · Sandy soil · PLAXIS-3D · Modeling
1 Introduction The economical design of foundation should follow the process of elimination, i.e., simpler type of the foundation viz. shallow foundation should be tried first, and if it is not possible at all, then a higher level of the foundation viz. deep foundation may be tried. The shallow foundation may be strong in taking compression load but many a time it is deficient to take the uplift load/overturning moment. In such circumstances, generally deep foundation viz. pile foundation, belled piers are provided in order to anchor the structure against the uplift load and overturning moment. Development of economical techniques to effectively utilize even the marginally poor sites has therefore become the subject of interest during the recent past. The method should utilize a simple labor-oriented procedure—technically viable and thus more useful in developing countries like India. The land and offshore structures are usually subjected to large overturning moments due to wind effects, seismic
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Heena Malhotra [email protected] Sanjay Kumar Singh [email protected]
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Civil Engineering Department, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed To Be University), Chandigarh 160012, India
events, wave actions or ship impacts. In structures such as television and transmission tower, tension cables used for suspension bridges, high elevated chimneys and marine structures, the vertical downward loads are not substantial and, therefore, the pull-out load generally determines the type of foundation. The shallow foundations are generally sufficient in taking the vertical downward load, but found to be deficient in taking uplift loads. Under this circumstance, the pile foundation is required to be provided to resist the required uplift loads. A new foundation techniq
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