Experimental and Numerical Study to Prepare Hydroxyapatite Powder from Fish Bones
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Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials https://doi.org/10.1007/s42341-020-00254-4
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Experimental and Numerical Study to Prepare Hydroxyapatite Powder from Fish Bones Alya’a Abdulkadhim1,2 · Nihad Abdulameer2 Received: 11 March 2020 / Revised: 28 September 2020 / Accepted: 24 October 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 2020
Abstract Hydroxyapatite powder (HAP) was prepared from fish bones thermally calcined at 750 °C, then grind and sift, where a powder very similar in its characteristics was obtained to HAP powder, which is the main component of bones and teeth in the vivo. X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed the crystal structure for the result powder, where it has proven to be very compatible with HAP powder, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer test also showed that the components of the resulted powder from fish bones after thermal calcination, are the same as those in the composition of the original HAP powder. The particle size of the resulted powder was apparently, it is laying between 0.657 and 19.81 µm with a mean size of 3.259 µm. In addition, the prepared powder was studied numerically by drawing and studying some properties for the result compound by a Chem3D program. Keywords Hydroxyapatite · Fish bones · Bioceramics · Chem3D
1 Introduction A hydroxyapatite powder is known as one of vital materials and common use in biomedical field and concentrated in clinical area [1]. Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramic material that denoted by symbol (HAP or HA), its chemical formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, it is characterized by being a biocompatible material, and their bioactivity can strengthen bone-bond formation with other tissues through an osteoconductive mechanism [2]. In bones, the minerals are mainly deposited in the form of calcium phosphate compounds with the great majority existing as apatite and only a small amount of them are carbonate containing apatites [3]. Calcium phosphate based biomaterials have received great interest since the main constituent of inorganic mineral component in human bone is HAP [4]. Various raw materials and different methods of preparing HAP powder from them the possibility of using thermally treated fish bone waste to prepare a ceramic * Alya’a Abdulkadhim [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Muthanna, Muthanna, Iraq
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
2
material like HAP [5], fish bones were converted to HAP using a heat treatment method at different temperatures and for different conversion durations [3]. Calcined fish bones powders at high temperatures lead to have closely Ca/P molar ratio to stoichiometry of pure HAP [6]. Preparation of the prosthetic bones for implantation from fish bones are attempt towards cost effective materials, since the fish bone used in the bone implant is derived from marine food waste materials [7]. HAP wa
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