Experimental Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed ABS and Polycarbonate Parts
Additive manufacturing (AM), more commonly referred to as 3D printing, has become increasingly popular for rapid prototyping (RP) purposes by hobbyists and academics alike. In recent years AM has transitioned from a purely RP technology to one for final p
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Experimental Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed ABS and Polycarbonate Parts Jason Cantrell, Sean Rohde, David Damiani, Rishi Gurnani, Luke DiSandro, Josh Anton, Andie Young, Alex Jerez, Douglas Steinbach, Calvin Kroese, and Peter Ifju Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM), more commonly referred to as 3D printing, has become increasingly popular for rapid prototyping (RP) purposes by hobbyists and academics alike. In recent years AM has transitioned from a purely RP technology to one for final product manufacturing. As the transition from RP to manufacturing becomes an increasingly accepted practice it is imperative to fully understand the properties and characteristics of the materials used in 3D printers. This paper presents the methodology and results of the mechanical characterization of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) 3D printed parts to determine the extent of anisotropy present in 3D printed materials. Specimens were printed with varying raster ([+45/ 45], [+30/ 60], [+15/ 75], and [0/90]) and build orientations (flat, on-edge, and up-right) to determine the directional properties of the materials. Reduced gage section tensile and Isopescu shear specimens were printed and loaded in a universal testing machine utilizing 2D digital image correlation (DIC) to measure strain. Results indicated that raster and build orientation had a negligible effect on the Young’s modulus or Poisson’s ratio in ABS tensile specimens. Shear modulus and shear yield strength varied by up to 33 % in ABS specimens signifying that tensile properties are not indicative of shear properties. Raster orientation in the flat build samples reveal anisotropic behavior in PC specimens as the moduli and strengths varied by up to 20 %. Similar variations were also observed in shear for PC. Changing the build orientation of PC specimens appeared to reveal a similar magnitude of variation in material properties. Keywords Digital image correlation • 3D printing • Additive manufacturing • Mechanical properties of materials • Rapid prototyping • Anisotropy • ABS • Polycarbonate
Nomenclature 3D ABS AM ASTM CAD CI COV DIC FDM PC RP SMP STL
Three-dimensional Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Additive manufacturing American Society for Testing and Materials Computer aided design Confidence interval Coefficient of variation Digital image correlation Fused deposition modeling Polycarbonate Rapid prototyping Shape memory polymer Stereo lithography
J. Cantrell (*) • S. Rohde • L. DiSandro • J. Anton • A. Young • A. Jerez • D. Steinbach • C. Kroese • P. Ifju Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of Florida, 571 Gale Lemerand Dr., MAE-C 134, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA e-mail: [email protected] D. Damiani Bartram Trail High School, Saint Johns, FL 32259, USA R. Gurnani College of Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA # The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. 2017 S. Yoshida et al. (eds.), Advancement of Optical Methods in Experimental Mec
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