Experimental investigation of oligo cyclic compression behavior of pure epoxy and graphene-epoxy nanocomposites
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Experimental investigation of oligo cyclic compression behavior of pure epoxy and graphene‑epoxy nanocomposites Ozgen U. Colak1,3 · Deniz Uzunsoy2 · Nadia Bahlouli3 · Charles Francart3 Received: 25 July 2020 / Revised: 23 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The loading–unloading compression behavior and the oligo cyclic behavior of pure epoxy and graphene-epoxy nanocomposites are investigated since the systematic evaluation of the mechanical behavior under cyclic loading is of great importance in the development of damage characterization and fatigue models for polymer composites. High purity graphene nanoflakes (GNF) are synthesized by electric arc discharge method, and the manufacturing of graphene epoxy nanocomposites is done using solution blending. The structural characterizations of produced GNF are performed using several techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Oligo quasi-static straincontrolled cyclic tests are performed at the elastic (or viscoelastic) region, around yield and after softening at the viscoplastic region. Comparing the behavior under compression, loading–unloading and oligo (repeated) cycled reveals that prehistory does not have much effect on the subsequent behavior. The change in the elasticity modulus during repeated cyclic compression is determined. It is observed that elasticity modulus decreases initially, and then, it progressively increases with the increase in applied maximum strain. Compared to epoxy, the yield stresses of graphene-epoxy decrease in both strain rates and a small increase in the elasticity modulus of graphene-epoxy is observed at low strain rate (1.E-4 /s). Keywords Oligo cyclic · Graphene-epoxy · Viscoplasticity · Graphene
Introduction Increasing trends in the application of polymeric materials and polymer matrix composites in many industries, from aerospace to automotive, leads to the requirement of investigation of mechanical properties under different loading conditions. * Ozgen U. Colak [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Polymer Bulletin
Polymers are reinforced by various sized fillers to improve properties. Among these fillers, graphene, single layer of carbon atoms, has got much attention since the physics Nobel Prize in 2010 given to Geim and Novoselov for graphene synthesis [1]. Graphene as a versatile nanosheet material can be utilized in numerous fields including composite materials, bioengineering, energy technologies, electronics, etc. The properties of graphene such as exceptional electron transport capacity, superior mechanical strength and high surface area have lead researchers to develop nanocomposite polymeric membranes containing graphene. It is an effective nanosheet filler for separation applications. Recent trends for developing nanocomposite membranes prepared by incorporating nanofillers into a polymer matrix
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