Experimental studies on the impact of part-cooled high-pressure loop EGR on the combustion and emission characteristics
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Experimental studies on the impact of part‑cooled high‑pressure loop EGR on the combustion and emission characteristics of liquefied petroleum gas Libin P. Oommen1 · G. N. Kumar1 Received: 25 October 2019 / Accepted: 27 April 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract Liquefied petroleum gas is preferred and adopted in automotive engines because of its efficient burning and cleaner emission characteristics. Since LPG contains less carbon molecules and higher carbon to hydrogen ratios than gasoline or diesel, it has a much higher emission reduction potential both in the cases of regulated and non-regulated emissions. A major disadvantage of deploying LPG widely is the amount of N Ox generation owing to the higher temperatures developed in the combustion chamber. In this study, part-cooled EGR is applied in varying rates (12%, 18%, 24%) in order to analyze the effects produced in the performance and emission characteristics of a multicylinder MPFI engine fuelled by 100% LPG at four different loading conditions and four different operating speeds. It can be observed that the application of an optimum rate of cooled EGR reduces the NOx emissions drastically even though at the expense of hydrocarbon emissions. The fuel consumption of the test engine is reduced up to 12.28% with the application of 18% percentage of part-cooled EGR. It can be inferred from the experimental studies that 18% part-cooled EGR is the optimum flow rate of recirculation which is most effective during the part load operation of the engine (50–75%) and at higher engine speeds. However, the emission of oxides of nitrogen reduced by 7.8% at 24% recirculation. The statistical analysis of combustion shows a reduction in combustion stability with increased flow of recirculation. Keywords Combustion · Emissions · Liquefied petroleum gas · Cooled EGR · Coefficient of variation · Heat release rates
Introduction Liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons, mostly propane ( C3H8) and butane ( C4H10) isomers. The comparatively lower cost and higher emission reduction potential of LPG has made it one of the most promising alternative fuels [1]. The higher carbon to hydrogen ratio enables reduction in the amount of toxic pollutants and nonregulated emissions such as formaldehydes and acetaldehydes. The higher octane number of LPG along with the very low carbon accumulation associated with it makes it an attractive option as an auto-gas [2]. LPG is an exceptional fuel in terms of production costs, social and ecological profits. The health costs associated * Libin P. Oommen [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka 575025, India
with the emission of toxic components like PM2.5, SO2, VOC and CO can be averted through the usage of LPG [3]. The adaptation of LPG in spark ignition engines is relatively non-expensive which adds to the economic benefits of this fuel. LPG is a low carbon alternative to conventional fossil fuels with zero emission levels of black carbon whic
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