Extensible Multimodal Annotation for Intelligent Interactive Systems
Multimodal interactive systems enabling combination of natural modalities such as speech, touch, and gesture make it easier and more effective for users to interact with applications and services, whether on mobile devices, or in smart homes or cars. Howe
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Multimodal Interaction with W3C Standards Toward Natural User Interfaces to Everything
Multimodal Interaction with W3C Standards
Deborah A. Dahl Editor
Multimodal Interaction with W3C Standards Toward Natural User Interfaces to Everything
Editor Deborah A. Dahl Conversational Technologies Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA
ISBN 978-3-319-42814-7 ISBN 978-3-319-42816-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-42816-1
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016952224 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
To the memory of my parents, Robert and Marilyn Dahl
Foreword
The world of computing is changing rapidly, as we move from desktop computers to tablets, mobile phones, watches, rings, and other things such as devices containing embedded computers or sensors connected to the Internet. New modes of input to computers are evolving from keyboarding and clicking to speaking, gesturing, seeing, and sensing our actions and behaviors. Future applications will integrate information from one or more user inputs and determine the appropriate response. Standards are one approach to taming the exponential growth of this complexity and opportunity. Standard APIs hide the complexity of how hardware and software platforms work. These APIs enable application developers to access the functions provided by platforms and to create new and exciting applications. Given a standard API, different platform developers will optimize internal processes for specialized hardware or software, enabling application developers to (1) choose the best platform available for their application; (2) implement software on multiple platforms, using the same API; and (3) switch from one platform to another as new platforms become available and old p
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