Extraction and separation of Cd(II) and Ni(II) with salts of Cyanex 301 and amines
- PDF / 756,391 Bytes
- 7 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 111 Downloads / 238 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Extraction and separation of Cd(II) and Ni(II) with salts of Cyanex 301 and amines V. I. Kuzmin1 · M. N. Leskiv1 · N. V. Gudkova1 · D. V. Kuzmin1 Received: 1 June 2020 / Accepted: 22 September 2020 © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract The extraction of cadmium from sulfuric acid solutions and its separation from nickel with salts of bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 301) and amines was studied. The data obtained show that extractants based on Cyanex 301 and Quaternary ammonium bases are most suitable for this since it is possible to extract cadmium in the form of sulfates and bisulfates as well as stripping metal from the organic phase. For deep extraction of cadmium from sulfate solutions in this system, 1–2 stages of extraction are sufficient. At this stage, the separation coefficient of cadmium and nickel βCd/Ni reaches values > 106, and the distribution coefficient of cadmium reaches almost 104. Cadmium stripping is achieved by treating the organic phase with an ammonia solution containing ammonia more than 4 mol/L. The process can be used in the processing of cadmium–nickel batteries. Keywords Nickel–cadmium separation · Solvent extraction · Cyanex 301 · Amines
Introduction The well-known extractant Cyanex 301 (bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid) was developed for the selective extraction of zinc from wastewater of viscose production. However, it was further established that this extractant can extract to a different degree a number of metals in a wide range of acidity (Cote et al. 2002). Various possible applications of Cyanex 301 are discussed in the literature, including the processing of used catalysts and plating baths (nickel removal) (Singh et al. 1999), the extraction and separation of cadmium, nickel and cobalt from sulphate solutions of leaching spent nickel–cadmium batteries (Reddy et al. 2006). The latter problem is very urgent, since nickel–cadmium batteries are widely used in portable electronic devices as an energy source, as well as batteries for vehicles (Silvestri et al. 2020; Kumar et al. 2014). The anode mixture of the nickel–cadmium battery mainly contains nickel, cobalt and cadmium, their total content reaches 80% or more (nickel and cadmium ~ 40% each, cobalt ~ 2%) (Hazotte et al. 2015; * D. V. Kuzmin kuzmin‑[email protected] 1
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 50/24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Nogueira and Margarido 2007). If nickel is a non-toxic metal, then cadmium is extremely toxic, both for humans and for plants (Sze and Lam 1999). In this regard, the recycling and disposal of used batteries are important not only from an economic point of view but also from the point of view of environmental protection (Choi and Rhee 2020; Mason-Jones and Blottnitz 2010). The shortage of raw materials and the toughening of environmental standards contribute to the work in this direction. At present, hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes
Data Loading...
