Fabrication and Characterization of Biodegradable Metal Based Microelectrodes for In Vivo Neural Recording
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.302
Fabrication and Characterization of Biodegradable Metal Based Microelectrodes for In Vivo Neural Recording Chaoxing Zhang1,2, Teresa H. Wen3, Khaleel A. Razak3,4, Jiajia Lin1,2, Edgar Villafana2, Hector Jimenez2, Huinan Liu1,2,5,6* 1
Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
2
Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
3
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
4
Psychology Department, University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
5
Biomedical Sciences Program, School of Medicine, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
6
Stem Cell Center, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
ABSTRACT:
Neural electrodes have been widely used to monitor neural signals and/or deliver electrical stimulation in the brain. Currently, biodegradable and biocompatible materials have been actively investigated to create temporary electrodes that could degrade after serving their functions for neural recording and stimulation from days to months. The new class of biodegradable electrodes eliminate the necessity of secondary surgery for electrode removal. In this study, we created biodegradable, biocompatible, and implantable magnesium (Mg)-
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based microelectrodes for in vivo neural recording for the first time. Specifically, conductive poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) was first deposited onto Mg microwire substrates by electrochemical deposition, and a biodegradable insulating polymer was subsequently sprayed onto the surface of electrodes. The tip of electrodes was designed to be conductive for neural recording and stimulation, while the rest of electrodes was insulated with a polymer that is biocompatible with neural tissue. The impedance of Mg-based microelectrodes and their performance during neural recording in the auditory cortex of a mouse were studied. The results first demonstrated the capability of Mg-based microelectrodes for in vivo recording of multi-unit stimulus-evoked activity in the brain.
INTRODUCTION Electrophysiology has been developed for recording neural activity for a long time to measure the electrical properties of neurons and neural networks in situ to study the mechanism of pathways and provide useful information for the treatment of neural injuries and disorders [1]. Micro-sized metal electrodes, with the dimensions compatible with target neural structure, are widely us
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