Fabrication and Characterization of Porous Silica/Carbon Nanotube Composite Insulation
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MRS Advances © 2020 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2020.252
Fabrication and Characterization of Porous Silica/Carbon Nanotube Composite Insulation Naoto Shioura1, Kazuki Matsushima1, Tomoki Osato1, Tomonaga Ueno1*, Norifumi Isu2, Takeshi Hashimoto3, Takumi Yana3 1
Department of Chemical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603 (Japan),
[email protected]
2
LIXIL Corporation, 2-1-1 Ojima, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-8355 (Japan)
3
Meijo Nano Carbon Co., Ltd., 2271-129 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya 460-0002 (Japan)
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the demand for high performance thermal insulations has increased. While foam and aerogels have been researched for high performance thermal insulation, novel material design is required for further improvement. A porous silica has been found to have the potential to form a new thermal insulation material. However, porous silica is a powder and is difficult to form the porous compact. Therefore, we propose a composite insulation of powdered porous silica (p-SiO2), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). The fine voids and bulky structure of p-SiO2 greatly suppress gas and solid heat transfer. The composite of CNT can improve the moldability and enhance the mechanical properties. The moldability of thermal insulating materials 1
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improved even with the addition of 1 wt% CNT. With the addition of 1 wt% CNT, the increase in thermal conductivity was less than 0.01 W∙m-1∙K-1.
INTRODUCTION Thermal insulation materials have been widely used in houses, automobiles, and space transportation aircrafts and the demand for high-performance thermal insulations has been increasing. Foam insulations are widespread insulation materials because of their simple manufacturing process and low cost. The typical examples include polyurethane foam and phenol foam with thermal conductivity of approximately 0.02 W∙m-1∙K-1 to 0.04 W∙m-1∙K-1 and 0.03 W∙m-1∙K-1 to 0.06 W∙m-1∙K-1, respectively [1-3]. However, the foaming gas in these materials diffuses to the surroundings, causing insulation performance to deteriorate with time [4]. Aerogels have also been investigated for application as thermal insulation materials as their highly microporous structure greatly suppresses gas and solid heat transfer, resulting in a thermal conductivity is 0.02 W∙m-1∙K-1 or less [5-8]. Various aerogels such as silica aerogels [9-11], resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) aerogels [12], polyimide aerogels [13], and others have been studied. For further improvement in their mechanical properties, powder composites of aerogels and polymers have been developed to improve the mechanical properties [14]. Due to their low thermal conductivity, aerogels have been used f
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