Fabrication of transparent silica-silica nanotube/PFTS nano-composite thin films with superhydrophobic, oleophobic, self
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Fabrication of transparent silica‑silica nanotube/PFTS nano‑composite thin films with superhydrophobic, oleophobic, self‑cleaning and anti‑icing properties Akbar Eshaghi1 Received: 20 June 2020 / Accepted: 20 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Light on optoelectronic devices and solar panels is lost both through reflection at the air/ glass interface of the cover glass and through scattering or absorption by accumulated dust, dirt and ice. Therefore, the transparent superhydrophobic thin films can resolve these problems. In this research, silica-silica nanotube nanocomposite thin films were applied on glass substrates by a sol–gel method. To modify the nanocomposite thin film, the samples were immersed in a PFTS solution. The morphology, chemical composition and transparency of the thin films were investigated using FE-SEM, FTIR and UV–VIS–NIR spectrophotometer methods. The water and oil contact angles on the thin film surfaces was measured using a contact angle analyzer. The self-cleaning and stability of the thin films were investigated. The water contact angle results indicated that silica nanotube/PFTS thin films increased water contact angle of the glass substrate from 16° to 152°. The transmittance of the silica-silica nanotube/PFTS coated glass substrate was measured as 87% at 550 nm. The icing test results showed that superhydrophobic coating increased icing time during ice formation on the glass surface from 102 to 874 s. Keywords Silica · Super-hydrophobic · Oleophobic · Self-cleaning · Anti-icing · Thin film
1 Introduction In recent years, transparent super-hydrophobic thin films have attracted much attention. The super-hydrophobic property of thin films results in self-cleaning, anti-icing, anti-smudge, and anti-fogging properties (Zhia et al. 2017; Latthe et al. 2019). Transparent superhydrophobic thin films with self-cleaning and anti-icing properties have various applications such as solar cell, automobile glass, smart windows, greenhouses, camera lenses, optoelectronic devices and photoelectric elements (Wang and Luo 2012; Li et al. 2019). It is well known that superhydrophobic surfaces are based on both surface chemistry and surface roughness. Surface chemistry is controlled by the use of low surface energy * Akbar Eshaghi [email protected]; Eshaghi@mut‑es.ac.ir 1
Department of Materials Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Isfahan, Shahin Shahr, Iran
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materials. Teflon base compounds are low-energy surface materials. Surface roughness is caused by the initial roughening of the substrate using chemical or mechanical processes or the fabrication of nano-composites containing nano and micro particles and the formation of hierarchical structures (Gu et al. 2019). It should be noted that in optical applications, surface roughness is very important and increased roughness due to increased light scattering will reduce the performance of optical systems (Aghaei et al
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