Fabrication, Design and Application of Stretchable Strain Sensors for Tremor Detection in Parkinson Patient
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Fabrication, Design and Application of Stretchable Strain Sensors for Tremor Detection in Parkinson Patient E. Kantarak 1 & S. Rucman 1,2 & T. Kumpika 1,2 & W. Sroila 1 & P. Tippo 1 & A. Panthawan 1 & P. Sanmuangmoon 3 & A. Sriboonruang 1 & N. Jhuntama 4 & O. Wiranwetchayan 1 & W. Thongsuwan 1,2 & P. Singjai 1,2 Received: 14 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020/ # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract
Due to increasing demand for wearable health monitoring devices, stretchable electronics have developed rapidly in recent years. For human motion detection, strain sensors must be highly stretchable, sensitive, and durable. Another important factor is low-cost fabrication. As such, the sensors in this research were made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using a solution casting method. In order to improve bending sensitivity, slits were created on the sensor surfaces. The strain sensors were placed on an index finger in order to detect and monitor the hand tremors of Parkinson’s patients. Furthermore, a wearable glove system with hardware components including an Arduino Nano controller, stretchable strain sensors, a Real Time Clock (RTC) Module, and a Micro SD card Adapter was developed for practical use in everyday life. Keywords Stretchable strain sensor . Nanocomposites . Parkinson . Tremor . Health monitoring
1 Introduction Recently, much progress has been made in the fields of wireless communication, bioelectric engineering, and nanomaterials. There have been great efforts to create polymer nano-
* P. Singjai [email protected]
1
Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
2
Materials Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
3
Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
4
Faculty of Science and Agricultural Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand
Applied Composite Materials
composite-based flexible, stretchable and wearable strain sensors for human-machine interfaces, soft robotics, visual realities, professional sports, and mental and physical health monitoring. Wearable devices can be attached to clothing and human skin to track data such as body movement, steps, heart rate, respiratory rate, etc. Strain sensors must be highly sensitive (Gauge Factor, GF) to detect small scale movement such as the motion of one’s chest when breathing, and they must have a wide strain range (SR) to withstand large scale motions such as the bending of a hand. Several previous wearable strain sensors that use nanomaterials coupled with stretchable and flexible materials have been proposed [1–11]. Flexible materials such as polyurethane (PU) [2–5], paper [6], polyimide (PI) [7], natural rubber [8, 11], and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) [12] are generally selected as flexible substrates or composited matrix. Of these, PDMS is a good candidate due to its stable chemical properties, good thermal stability,
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