Fabrication of a TE Mode InGaAsP Active Waveguide Optical Isolator Based on the Nonreciprocal Loss shift
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Fabrication of a TE Mode InGaAsP Active Waveguide Optical Isolator Based on the Nonreciprocal Loss shift Hiromasa Shimizu and Yoshiaki Nakano Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, JST SORST 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8904 Japan
ABSTRACT We have fabricated a TE mode InGaAsP active waveguide optical isolator based on the nonreciprocal loss shift in an optical fiber telecommunication wavelength of 1550nm. We demonstrated a TE mode nonreciprocal loss shift of 9.3dB/mm under a magnetic field of +/-1kG in the facricated InGaAsP active waveguide with Fe on an InP substrate at a wavelength of 1560nm.
This result opens a way to the monolithic integration of
semiconductor-waveguide-type optical isolators with edge emitting semiconductor lasers.
INTRODUCTION Optical isolators are indispensable for stable operation of telecommunication semiconductor lasers.
Commercially available optical isolators are composed of Faraday
rotators and linear polarizers.
However, they are not compatible with semiconductor lasers.
Semiconductor-waveguide-type optical isolators, which can be integrated with edge-emitting semiconductor lasers and other III-V optoelectronic devices are desired for reducing overall system sizes.
Also, such nonreciprocal semiconductor-waveguide-type devices would
enable flexible design and robust operation of highly functional photonic integrated circuits. So far, several waveguide-type optical isolators have been proposed and demonstrated [1-6]. However, they are based on garnets.
Thus, integration with edge-emitting semiconductor
lasers is difficult, except for the use of wafer bonding [7]. As a solution, we have proposed, designed, and fabricated a TE mode semiconductor-waveguide-type optical isolator based on the nonreciprocal loss shift.
Although TM mode semiconductor-waveguide-type optical
isolators have been proposed theoretically [8-10], the demonstration of the nonreciprocal loss shift has been difficult.
Only TM mode nonreciprocal amplified spontaneous emission was
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reported very recently [11].
Furthermore, TE mode semiconductor-waveguide-type optical
isolators are strongly desired for integration with edge-emitting semiconductor lasers, which generally operate in the TE mode.
Proposal of a TE mode waveguide-type optical isolator based on the nonreciprocal loss shift Here we specifically report a TE mode waveguide-type optical isolator using Fe on an InP substrate.
The operation wavelength λ is set at the optical fiber telecommunication
wavelength of 1550nm.
For realizing the TE mode nonreciprocal loss shift, the
magnetization vector of the magneto-optical material (Fe) is aligned parallel to the magnetic field vector of the TE mode light, which is perpendicular to the waveguide.
To make this
alignment possible, the magneto-optical layer is placed on only one side of the waveguide walls, and the magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the waveguide (x direction of figure 1.).
The device consisted of a semiconductor opti
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