Facile fabrication of highly conductive, waterproof, and washable e-textiles for wearable applications
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BSTRACT Electronic textiles (e-textiles), known as a newly-developed innovation combining the textile and electronic technologies, are burgeoning as the next-generation of wearable electronics for lots of promising applications. However, a big concern is the durability of the e-textiles during practical using. Here, we describe a facile method to fabricate mechanically and electrically durable e-textiles by chemical deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on widely used cotton fabric. The interface between AgNPs and fabric was tightly strengthened by the bioinspired polydopamine, and a highly waterproof and anticorrosive surface was further obtained by modifying with a fluorine containing agent of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfuorodecanethiol (PFDT). In addition to the low sheet resistance of 0.26 ohm/sq and high conductivity of 233.4 S/cm, the e-textiles present outstanding stability to different mechanical deformations including ultrasonication, bending and machine washing. Moreover, thanks to the surface roughness of AgNPs and low surface energy of PFDT, a superhydrophobic surface, with a water contact angle of ca. 152o, was further obtained, endowing the e-textiles excellent anti-corrosion to water, acid/alkaline solution and various liquids (e.g., milk, coffee and tea). Finally, the application of this highly conductive e-textiles in wearable thermal therapy is demonstrated. Together with the facile, all-solution-based, and environmentally friendly fabrication protocol, the e-textiles show great potential of large-scale applications in wearable electronics.
KEYWORDS electronic textiles, silver nanoparticles, washability, waterproof
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Introduction
Wearable electronics, which endow the traditional electronic devices with comfortable wearability, are attracting more and more attention because of their huge potential in various applications such as human motion detection [1–3], soft displays [4, 5], electricity generation and storage devices [6–8], and so on. Especially, being a hierarchical fiber assembly worn on human body during the daily use, textile is considered as an ideal platform that can integrate diverse flexible electronic devices for developing textile-based wearable electronic systems, i.e., electronic textiles (e-textiles) [6, 9–11]. Compared with the traditionally bulky and rigid electronics, the e-textiles present many unique advantages, such as high flexibility to accommodate the complicated body surfaces, excellent breathability and light weight for comfortable wearing, low cost for promising large-scale production, less pollution to the environment, etc. Therefore, the development of highperformance e-textiles, mainly by the ingenious convergence of textile and electronic technologies, is opening up a new era of next-generation electronics. To achieve fully integrated electronics, the highly conductive e-textiles are believed to be indispensable, which can serve as flexible interconnects to seamlessly connect different functional parts. In general, the main strategy for preparing conductive e-textiles i
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