Facile separation of Th(IV) from aqueous solution by graphene hydrogel
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Facile separation of Th(IV) from aqueous solution by graphene hydrogel Yu‑Jia Xiao1 · Xiao‑Yu Zhang3 · Zhao‑Yi Tan2 · Jun‑Hui Zeng2 · Dong Zhang2 · Hui Dong1 · Yan‑Rong He2 Received: 18 April 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In this work, the graphene hydrogel (GH) was fabricated, and its adsorption behavior toward Th(IV) was studied. The GH displayed a porous network structure, with a controllable size and structure. The adsorption experimental results demonstrated that the adsorption of Th(IV) on GH fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 190.28 mg/g at pH 3.0. The adsorption of Th(IV) on GH in inner-sphere surface complexation. Solution pH has an important influence on Th(IV) adsorption of GH. In addition, the GH exhibits an excellent reusability in Th(IV) adsorption. Keywords Graphene hydrogel · Thorium · Adsorption · Reusability
Introduction In recent years, due to the depletion of fossil energy, developing alternative clean and sustainable energy has been extensively studied. Due to its abundant reserves in nature, higher safety, and less environmental impact, thorium is considered to be a new promising nuclear fuel, and which may be alternative to uranium [1]. Besides, the operating and decommissioning of nuclear reactors, and some other related activities would produce much radioactive wastewater containing thorium, which pose a great threat to human health and environment. Furthermore, Th(IV) is thought to be a chemical analogue of some tetravalent actinides, including Pu(IV) and Np(IV) [2]. In that context, pre-concentration
* Dong Zhang [email protected] * Hui Dong [email protected] * Yan‑Rong He [email protected]; [email protected] 1
SEP Key Laboratory of Eco‑Industry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
2
Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
3
College of Chemistry and Chemial Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Ürümqi 830054, China
of thorium from different ores or removal of thorium from radioactive wastewater is of great significance. At present, numerous approaches have been developed to remove thorium from aqueous solution, such as adsorption [3, 4], ion exchange [5], co-precipitation [6], extraction [7–10], membrane filtration [11], etc. Attributed to its high selectivity, low energy consumption, low cost, simple operation, and extensive applicability, adsorption is thought to be one of the most promising methods for thorium removal from aqueous solution. In the past decades, many adsorbents have been developed for thorium separation, including polymers [12–15], modified mesoporous silica [16–18], clay minerals [19, 20], biomaterials [21–24], metal oxides[25] and so on. In recent years, many kinds of hydrogel have been developed for radionuclides removal from aqueous solution. Although these hydrogel materials display better adsorption capacity compare to natural materials, most of
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