Fast intra- and inter-coding algorithms for the spatially scalable extension of H.265/HEVC
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Fast intra- and inter-coding algorithms for the spatially scalable extension of H.265/HEVC Xin Lu 1
2
& Chang Yu & Graham R. Martin
3
Received: 1 July 2019 / Revised: 31 March 2020 / Accepted: 15 May 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is the latest international video coding standard. As an extension of HEVC, scalable HEVC (SHVC) achieves high compression efficiency at the cost of dramatically increased computational complexity. In this paper, a fast Coding Unit (CU) size decision algorithm is suggested for spatial SHVC intra-coding to early terminate the CU size decision process by jointly utilising the inter-layer and spatiotemporal correlations. Furthermore, in order to realise a fast Prediction Unit (PU) intra-mode decision, the mode dependency between the Base Layer (BL) and the Enhancement Layer (EL) is effectively used to remove unlikely coding modes. A fast PU inter-mode decision method is also developed for spatial SHVC inter-coding, in which the degree of motion activity and the PU mode dependency are exploited. Simulation results show that the proposed fast intracoding algorithm produces a saving in encoding time of up to 72% and the proposed fast inter-coding scheme reduces the encoding time by up to 50% compared with the original SHVC encoder, and the loss in Rate-Distortion (RD) performance is negligible. Keywords Scalable HEVC (SHVC) . Scalable video coding (SVC) . Fast intra-coding . Fast intercoding . Rate-distortion (RD)
1 Introduction The scalable extension of HEVC, also known as SHVC, is the most recent scalable video coding standard developed by the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) [10, 24]. In order to meet the requirements of diverse client terminals, network conditions, and user demands, a multi-layer coding structure is employed to generate the scalable bitstream. In * Xin Lu [email protected]
1
Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
2
HiSilicon Technologies Company, Ltd., Beijing, China
3
University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
Multimedia Tools and Applications
addition to the desirable scalabilities, SHVC also aims to achieve higher coding efficiency than previous standards. SHVC inherits all the advanced coding tools of HEVC [23], and several dedicated coding tools are additionally developed to support scalabilities. SHVC provides much-improved coding efficiency, but at the cost of greatly increased computational complexity. Given the fact that the encoding complexity of an SHVC encoder is much higher than an HEVC encoder, this leads to an urgent demand of the fast SHVC implementation that ideally incurs only a negligible loss in compression efficiency. Many algorithms have been suggested for SHVC intra- and inter-coding, but temporal, spatial and inter-layer correlations have not been fully exploited. In addition, most existing algorithms are aimed only at the improvement of the intra-coding process or the inter-coding process. If all the available information including t
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