Fatigue Design
Fatigue is a phenomenon of progressive damage of materials due to the repetition of applied loads. If these loads were statically applied, then they would not lead to failure. In machine design the critical range where fatigue failures may occur is betwee
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Series Editors: The Rectors Manuel Garcia Velarde - Madrid Mahir Sayir - Zurich Wilhelm Schneider - Wien
The Secretary General Bernhard Schrefler - Padua
Former Secretary General Giovanni Bianchi - Milan
Executive Editor Carlo Tasso - Udine
The series presents lecture notes, monographs, edited works and proceedings in the field of Mechanics, Engineering, Computer Science and Applied Mathematics. Purpose of the series is to make known in the international scientific and technical community results obtained in some of the activities organized by CISM, the International Centre for Mechanical Sciences.
INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR MECHANICAL SCIENCES COURSES AND LECTURES - No. 443
ALUMINIUM STRUCTURAL DESIGN
EDITEDBY FEDERICO M. MAZZOLANI UNIVERSITA DI NAPOLI "FEDERICO II"
Springer-Verlag Wien GmbH
This volume contains 349 illustrations
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concemed specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. © 2003 by Springer-Verlag Wien Originally published by Springer-Verlag Wien New York in 2003
SPIN 10911853
In order to make this volume available as economically and as rapidly as possible the authors' typeseripts have been reproduced in their original forms. This method unfortunately has its typographicallimitations but it is hoped that they in no way distract the reader.
ISBN 978-3-211-00456-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-2794-0
ISBN 978-3-7091-2794-0 (eBook)
PREFACE In the last decades aluminium alloys have been successfully employed in many structural applications. Without counting the aeronautical industry, where there is virtually no metallic material that can replace aluminium, an extensive development in its use is in progress in the transportation industry; in particular in the rail industry (subway coaches, sleeping cars, .. .), in the automotive industry (motorcars, containers, ....) and also in the shipping industry (civil and military hydrofoils, motorboats, sailboats, ... .). A parallel trend has been observed more recently in civil engineering structures, where aluminium alloys compete with steel (long-span roofing, bridges, hydraulic structures, off-shore superstructures). Aluminium alloys represent a large family of materials which covers quite the same range of strength offered by the most commonly used mild steels. To be economical, aluminium structures must be designed to take full advantage ofthe material properties. Their corrosion resistance normally makes it unnecessary to protect aluminium structures. The advantage of the lightness of the material cannot always be fully exploited, due to its high deformability, which makes members susceptible to instability. Aluminium is not prone to brittle fracture, but particular attention is required when ductility is aprerequisite. Thanks to the extrusion fabrication process, the geometrical properties ofthe cross-section can be enhanced b
