Feasibility of using phosphate wastes for enhancing high-temperature rheological characteristics of asphalt binder
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Feasibility of using phosphate wastes for enhancing high‑temperature rheological characteristics of asphalt binder Mustapha Amrani1 · Yassine El Haloui2 · Pouria Hajikarimi3 · Houssine Sehaqui4 · Rachid Hakkou4,5 · Mohamed Barbachi1 · Yassine Taha4 Received: 4 December 2019 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The huge amount of wastes is produced annually from the phosphate extraction process which causes environmental problems in terms of energy and pollution. Using these wastes for producing asphalt mixtures can be a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for managing them. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using phosphate wastes for fabrication of bituminous materials. Furthermore, the study objective is to discover the most effective waste to be included in asphalt mixtures. These wastes were acquired from the phosphate extraction plant, Ben Guerir city, Morocco. Phosphogypsum, fly ash, and dry phosphate sludge were the materials selected to be used as filler. Four samples were prepared, including an original asphalt binder as well as phosphogypsum, fly ash, and phosphate sludge asphalt samples. Classical characterization, viscous flow, frequency, and temperature sweep tests were carried out on these samples. The results showed that the viscous flow behavior of the asphalt binder containing phosphogypsum and fly ash wastes has been substantially more improved compared with binder with phosphate sludge filler. It was also shown that phosphogypsum waste enhances the mechanical properties of asphalt binder as well as its performance against rutting more than fly ash and phosphate sludge wastes. Keywords Phosphate waste disposal · Rheological properties · Asphalt binder · Viscoelastic · Dynamic shear rheometer
Introduction Asphalt concrete is a composite material includes asphalt binder, aggregates, and air voids [1–3]. Asphalt binder has been considered as the most effective component of asphalt concrete that provides its consistence and defines * Yassine El Haloui [email protected] 1
Laboratoire de mécanique de procédés de l’énergie et de l’environnement LMPEE, ENSA, Université Ibn Zohr, BP 1136 Agadir, Maroc
2
LAEPT, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, Boulevard Prince My Abdellah, P.B. 2390, 40000 Marrakech, Marocco
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
4
Materials Science and Nano‑Engineering Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
5
LCME, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Univ. Cadi Ayyad, BP 549, 40000 Marrakech, Morocco
its behavior against time, temperature and loading rate as a viscoelastic material. The elasticity, the linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity, the visco-plasticity, and the fracture mechanics are the main theoretical concepts that have been implemented to investigate mechanical behavior of asphalt concrete depending on the temperatur
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