Fiber vs Rolling Texture: Stress State Dependence for Cold-Drawn Wire
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wing is the main basic technological operation during the fabrication of many metallic materials (e.g., Cu, Ag, Au, and Al) and products that are characterized by superior electrical conductivity. Current-conducting items can be subjected to high-impact deformation (rolling and drawing) during manufacturing, which leads to the development of crystallographic texture. Investigation of peculiarities of the texture transformation in the aforementioned materials using modern methods of structural analysis allows for developing approaches for tailoring the operational and functional orientation-dependent physical and mechanical properties of materials with a face-centered-cubic (fcc) lattice. Note that taking into account the formation of the texture at a particular processing path enables optimization of existing technologies[1] or even development of new technologies. The arrangement of deformation textures in metals can be described using classical theories of Sachs,[2] Taylor,[3] Bishop–Hill, and others.[4] The common
M.A. ZORINA, M.S. KARABANALOV, S.I. STEPANOV, S.L. DEMAKOV, Yu.N. LOGINOV, and M.L. LOBANOV are with the Department of Heat Treatment and Physics of Metals, Institute of New Materials and Technologies, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia. Contact email: [email protected] Manuscript submitted July 5, 2017.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
assumption of these theories is that deformation is performed via dislocation gliding on certain crystallographic planes and directions. The relationship between the slip along the glide systems and the rotation of the crystal lattice can be defined in accordance with the macroscopic theory of plasticity. An important consequence of almost all existing models of the dominant grain orientation development during the deformation is the occurrence of stable orientations under a relatively high strain.[5] These orientations, which are characterized by exact crystallographic indexes, do not change their spatial configuration upon further deformation, which occurs due to the balance of the glide systems that act in opposite directions. Simulation methods of stress–strain state description, which are based on the finite element method (FEM), have gained traction in the field of metal drawing.[6] However, these methods can often only assist in solving problems related to calculating the stress state during drawing, which does not involve description of the strain pattern.[7] From the mechanics of the plastically deformable body, the strain distribution is known to be affected by the boundary conditions during drawing, such as a back-pull stress, a friction stress, or a tool configuration (half-angle of the die taper). The influence of the half-angle of the die taper on textural components is demonstrated in Reference 8. The effect of drawing speed on the texture and mechanical properties of the copper wire was discussed in References 9, 10, and 11. According to many studies,[12–15] the texture that is
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