Financial Impact of Obesity
Obesity is associated with serious medical conditions, psychosocial problems, and major health costs. Medical illnesses associated with obesity include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, cancer, hyperlipidemia, gastroesopha
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Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108
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Main Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108 The Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108 Children and Adolescents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1110 Impact of Lifestyle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1110 Social Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1111 Economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1111 Weight Loss Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1112 Summary Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117
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Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2010 (USA)
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Financial Impact of Obesity
Abstract: > Obesity is associated with serious medical conditions, psychosocial problems, and major health costs. Medical illnesses associated with obesity include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, cancer, hyperlipidemia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, obstructive sleep apnea, degenerative joint disease, and back pain. Socially, obese individuals may suffer from discrimination at work, lower wages, inability to find a love companion, and overall poor quality of life. As the prevalence of obesity soars, the number of bariatric operations performed in the United States has increased dramatically over the last decade. Weight loss surgeries such as the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, laparoscopic adjustable > gastric band placement, and > sleeve gastrectomy are being performed more frequently in adults, and are now also being performed in children and adolescents. This article summarizes findings from recent studies discussing the financial implications of these trends. Specifically, we address the high medical costs associated with weight related co-morbid illnesses, and we discuss the indirect costs to employers of the obese workforce. List of Abbreviations: > BMI, Body Mass Index; BPD, Biliopancreatic Diversion; > CEA, Cost-Effectiveness Analyses; CMS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; LAGB, Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Band; > NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; > QALY, Quality Adjusted Life Year; > RYGBP, Roux-en
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