Finite Element Analysis of Mono- and Bi-Adhesively Bonded Functionally Graded Adherend
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TECHICAL ARTICLE—PEER REVIEWED
Finite Element Analysis of Mono- and Bi-Adhesively Bonded Functionally Graded Adherend Amir Afkar • Majid Nouri Camari
Submitted: 15 March 2013 / in revised form: 3 December 2013 Ó ASM International 2014
Abstract The stress concentration at the end of bonded lap joints is a major concern in the design and application of adhesive joints, and, therefore, many research works have been carried out to reduce the stress level in the bond line. Most of the proposed methods focus on changing adhesive geometries or properties to achieve an optimized model. In this paper, the stress and strain distribution for adherend with functionally graded properties was analyzed to investigate the effect of the adherend material properties and the type of joint on the stress distribution within bond line. The effect of ceramic volume fraction of the functionally graded materials (FGMs) on the stress concentration has been studied. Also, bi-adhesive joint is used as an alternative stress reduction technique for the joint. Results show that using bi-adhesively joint technique together with high-ceramic volume fraction FGMs can significantly reduce the shear and peel stress in the lap joint. Keywords Adhesive Single-lap joint FGMs Finite element analysis
A. Afkar (&) School of Automotive Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technoology, Tehran, Iran e-mail: [email protected] M. N. Camari Department of Automotive engineering, Faculty of Electrical, Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Standard Research Institute (SRI), P. O. Box 31745-139, Karaj, Iran
Introduction Nowadays, adhesive-bonded joints have found many applications in aerospace industry due to their low weight. Numerous analytical and numerical analyses have been reported in the literature for modeling these bonded joints because of their increasing application in modern industries. One of the main goals of these researches is to design secure adhesive-bonded joints and increase their strength. Many analytical models for adhesively bonded joints are available in the literature. Lucas et al. [1, 2] made an extensive literature review on existing analytical models for both single- and double-lap joints. The literature review shows that all analytical models for adhesively bonded lap joints are two-dimensional because the stresses in the width direction are significantly lower than in the direction of the loading. Sawa et al. [3] performed a two-dimensional stress analysis of single lap by replacing dissimilar adherends and the adhesive with finite strips. They have investigated the effects of the stiffness and the thickness of the adhesive layer, Poisson’s ratios for the adhesive layer and the adherends, and external load distributions on the stress distributions by numerical calculations. Gang and LeeSullivan [4] analyzed a 2-D model of a single-lap bonded joint using finite element method FEM and compared the obtained results with corresponding experimental ones. Goncalve et al. [5] developed linear and nonlinear 3D model of sing
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