First description of the nesting site, nest, and eggs of the Rock Tapaculo ( Scytalopus petrophilus )
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First description of the nesting site, nest, and eggs of the Rock Tapaculo (Scytalopus petrophilus) Maurício Carlos Martins de Andrade 1 & Júlio César Rocha Costa 1 & João Henrique Ferreira Pinto 2 & Maria de Fátima Vieira Starling 3 & Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos 3 Received: 20 November 2019 / Revised: 27 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 June 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia 2020
Abstract Among the 44 known species of Scytalopus, only 25 have some type of reproductive information available. Here we present the first description of the nesting site, nest, and eggs of the Rock Tapaculo (Scytalopus petrophilus). The nest was registered inside a ferruginous cave located in the Serra do Gandarela National Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The closed nest containing two eggs was collected and consisted of cryptogams, grasses, and passerine remiges. The eggs were white and measured 23.0 × 16.3 mm, and 21.7 × 17.2 mm. Building of a new nest was recorded at the same collection site, in the next breeding season. Nesting season extended at least from October to February, and the nest site was reused within and between reproductive seasons. This suggest a strong local association between the species and the ferruginous caves and it reveals the need to preserve this environment which is currently threatened by mining activities. Keywords Cave . Brazil . Reproduction . Rhinocryptidae . Serra do Gandarela National Park
The genus Scytalopus is currently known to hold 44 species of tapaculos (Cadena et al. 2020; Gill et al. 2020), of which seven occur in Brazil (Piacentini et al. 2015; Cadena et al. 2020). Of these, only 25 have any description of nest, eggs, or nestlings (De Santo et al. 2002; Young and Zuchowski 2003; Cuervo et al. 2005; Greeney and Rombough 2005; Arcos-Torres and Solano-Ugalde 2007; Decker et al. 2007; Pulgarín-R 2007; Hosner and Huanca 2008; Greeney 2008; Smith and Londoño 2014; Baldwin and Drucker 2016). The nests described for the different species can be located in small burrows under the ground or in ravines, inside cavities of fallen rotten trunks, in crevices of rocks, or hidden underground among roots, mosses, or dense foliage (Young and Communicated by Carla S. Fontana * Maurício Carlos Martins de Andrade [email protected] 1
Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cavernas (CECAV), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil
2
Bolsista de Iniciação Científica do CECAV – PIBIC/ICMBio, Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil
3
Museu de Ciências Naturais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Zuchowski 2003; Greeney and Gelis 2005; Pulgarín-R 2007; Greeney 2008; Hosner and Huanca 2008; Krabbe and Schulenberg 2019). The nests are generally globular, with upper or lateral entrances (Young and Zuchowski 2003; Pulgarín-R 2007; Greeney 2008; Hosner and Huanca 2008; Baldwin and Drucker 2016), being cup-shaped nests reported for only three species (Young and Zuchowski 2003; Greeney and Gelis 20
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