Nest and egg description of the Andean Guan ( Penelope montagnii , Cracidae)
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Nest and egg description of the Andean Guan (Penelope montagnii, Cracidae) Dennis Castillo-Figueroa 1
&
Sergio Andrés Collazos-González 2
Received: 28 December 2019 / Revised: 11 July 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia 2020
Abstract Chachalacas, guans, and curassows are the most threatened Neotropical birds. However, information about their reproduction has not been well-documented for several species. Here, we provide the first description of nest and eggs of the Andean Guan (Penelope montagnii) in Andean highland forests from Colombia. We also compile nest and egg characteristics in the other 14 Penelope species. An active nest made of dry leaves and ferns was found over a simple platform 1.22 m above the ground on a Daphnopsis caracasana tree. Like other Penelope species, clutch size consisted of three oval and white eggs. The average egg measurements and mass were as follows: 69.66 mm × 46.32 mm, 81.6 g. We gathered the available information on the nest type, nesting materials, phorophyte, nest dimensions, the distance of the nest to the ground, and the clutch size and egg dimensions for all Penelope species. We only found three species with detailed information of eggs and nests, besides the Andean Guan reported here. In general, these species construct their nests over simple platforms, employing plant materials available from the environment. Nests present dimensions with external and internal diameters between 30–60 cm and 18–38.5 cm respectively, and depths ranging from 5 to 25 cm. Importantly, these trends are far to be conclusive due to the remarkable gaps of knowledge in nesting ecology for most of Penelope species. We encourage additional studies on reproductive ecology for these birds. Keywords Breeding biology . Colombian Andes . Cracidae . Neotropical birds . Nesting behavior . Reproduction
Cracidae is the most threatened bird family in the Neotropics, with half of the species under risk of extinction (Brooks and Fuller 2006; Brooks and Strahl 2006). Despite the key role of cracids in seed dispersal across Neotropical forests (del Hoyo et al. 1994), anthropogenic pressures such as hunting and habitat degradation have led to species decline (Strahl et al. 1997; Rodríguez et al. 2005; Brooks and Strahl 2006). The study of life history traits can contribute to understanding factors of threat and vulnerability to make effective conservation plans for these species. Reproductive features are paramount in the study of Neotropical bird ecology; nonetheless, basic information Communicated by: Luis F. Silveira * Dennis Castillo-Figueroa [email protected] 1
Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
2
Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
regarding descriptions of nests and eggs is scarce for many species and needs more attention (Strahl et al. 1997; Bodrati and del Castillo 20
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