First Survey on the Presence and Distribution of Oxytetracycline-Resistance Genes in Anaplasma Species
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ORIGINAL PAPER
First Survey on the Presence and Distribution of Oxytetracycline‑Resistance Genes in Anaplasma Species Parisa Shahbazi1 · Sahar Nouri Gharajalar1 · Kolsoum Mohebbi1 · Jafar Taeb1 · Hosein Hashemzadeh Farhang2 · Ali Abbas Nikvand3 · Roghayeh Norouzi1 Received: 17 January 2020 / Accepted: 22 October 2020 © Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Introduction Anaplasma sp. is an obligatory intracellular Gram-negative tick-transmitted bacterial pathogen of humans and animals. Oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline are the drugs of choice for treating domestic animals with acute anaplasmosis. Lack of documented information about oxytetracycline resistance in Anaplasma species in the world was the scope of this study to screen by PCR for the detection of the oxytetracycline-resistance genes in Anaplasma species from infected cattle and sheep in the Northwest and Southwest of Iran. Materials and Methods Total of 100 cattle and sheep blood samples collected from 2 provinces in the Northwest and 1 province in the Southwest of Iran were tested microscopically by the Giemsa staining examination and confirmed by PCR. Then the presence of two different oxytetracycline-resistance genes (otrA, and otrB) was detected by PCR in positive samples. Results The results showed that 60% of Anaplasma-infected samples were identified to have an otrA-resistance gene, and 26.67% had an otrB-resistance gene. The coexistence of two oxytetracycline-resistance determinants was encountered in 13.33% of the isolates. The significant difference in the frequency of otr genes was found among three Anaplasma species (A. marginale, A. centrale and A. ovis), and among three studied regions in Iran (p
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