Frequency distribution model for geomagnetic SYM-H fluctuations
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Frequency distribution model for geomagnetic SYM‑H fluctuations Ewin Sánchez1 · Pedro Vega‑Jorquera2 Received: 16 January 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó 2020
Abstract A model describing the frequency distribution of geomagnetic field fluctuations has been developed, allowing a better understanding of the influence of the solar magnetic field on the geomagnetic variations. The constructed model is analogous to the one presented by same authors in 2018 to describe the frequency distribution of seismic magnitudes. A similarity between seismic and geomagnetic systems is exposed from this point of view. Applications to data corresponding to four different years where the most intense fluctuations have occurred are presented. Keywords Geomagnetic storm · Frequency–magnitude distribution · Bayesian model
1 Introduction Magnetic storms have a crucial role in space weather. Technological systems and the activities of modern civilization can be affected by changing space-weather conditions. The research of magnetic storms shows a huge impulsive transference of energy and momentum from the Sun to the Earth. Although the origin of these phenomena has different causes compared to the earthquake, both problems have several similarities in many aspects. The interaction between the Earth and the Sun, through the interplanetary medium, has shown that all regions where Earth magnetic field dominates are non-equilibrium systems. Thus, the magnetosphere, ionosphere and atmosphere are considered as complex systems. Based on universality principle several works have been presented in order to show similarity in dynamics of diverse very different system, for example, solar flares, magnetic storms and earthquakes [see e.g. Balasis et al. (2011a) and references therein]. However, all these articles arise within the Tsallis nonextensive statistics framework or the superstatistics tool. It is well established that several complex systems are based on universal principles, which in principle could seem quite different in nature, but nevertheless they show certain similarity in quantitative features [see e.g. Tsallis (2017), Balasis et al. (2011a) and De * Ewin Sánchez [email protected] 1
Intituto de Investigación Mutidisciplinar en Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
2
Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica
Arcangeli et al. (2008)]. In order to obtain a more suitable description of the dynamics of these kind of systems several models have been proposed. In Tsallis (1988) the called Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics was proposed to model systems out of equilibrium and that exhibit long-range correlations, memory or fractal properties. In this line of work various authors have applied this mathematical tool to a great variety of systems. In seismology it has been applied as a generalization (Sotolongo-Costa and Posadas 2004; Silva et al. 2006) of Gutenberg–Richter law (194
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