• PDF / 911,422 Bytes
• 25 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
• 110 Downloads / 271 Views

DOWNLOAD

REPORT

---

Functional Micro-/Nanomaterials for Imaging Technology Waner Chen, Wei Ma, Chunpeng Zou, Yan Yang, Gaoyi Yang, Li Liu and Zhe Liu

Abstract Functional micro-/nanomaterials, in particular, micro-/nanoimaging probes, have emerged as a hot topic in terms of both basic research and biomedical applications. More importantly, innovations and clinical translations of advanced imaging probes have substantially revolutionalized diagnostic techniques and therapy strategies addressing critical diseases. Therefore, this chapter presents a comprehensive description of the development history of biomedical imaging technology over the past decades and discusses various types of imaging probes corresponding to versatile imaging modalities.

W. Chen
Z. Liu Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] W. Ma Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan e-mail: [email protected] C. Zou
Y. Yang
Z. Liu The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] Y. Yang e-mail: [email protected] G. Yang Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] L. Liu Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 Z. Liu (ed.), Advances in Functional Micro-/Nanoimaging Probes, Engineering Materials, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4804-3_1

1

2

1.1

W. Chen et al.

Advanced Technologies and Modalities for Biomedical Imaging

Before Christmas of 1895, German physicist Dr. Wilhelm Rontgen discovered the X-ray and obtained a hand bone image of his wife, which is regarded as the first medical image for humans (Fig. 1.1) [1]. For the community of medicine, this X-ray image set the milestone for visualizing human bone structures, tissues, and organs by means of medical imaging. Since then, various imaging modalities, e.g., X-ray, computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), and positron emission tomography (PET) have been emerging technologies for the observation and diagnosis of human diseases. In 1999, Dr. Ralph Weissleder from the Massachusetts General Hospital proposed the concept of molecular imaging and, in association with Dr. Sanjiv Sam Gambhir from Stanford University, set its definition: Molecular imaging is the in vivo characterization and measurement of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level [2, 3]. With its advancing development, molecular medical imaging has opened up a new era for precision diagnosis, and the emergence of imaging techniques has endowed human capabilities with an understanding of fundamental biological processes and clarifying their structure–function relationships. Taking advantage of imaging techniques, researchers are able to not only investigate disease pathways but also recognize