Imaging Fusion Technology for Evaluating Intracranial Veins
The technology of the real-time imaging fusion has been devised and applied to different body regions and pathological situations; it has been developed through the combination of multiple imaging modalities, and in its extreme evolution, it has become a
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Neurosonological Evaluation of Cerebral Venous Outflow
An Ultrasound Atlas
Neurosonological Evaluation of Cerebral Venous Outflow
Giovanni Malferrari Marialuisa Zedde Patrizio Prati
Neurosonological Evaluation of Cerebral Venous Outflow An Ultrasound Atlas
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Giovanni Malferrari Marialuisa Zedde Stroke Unit, Neurology Unit, Dept. of Neuromotor Physiology Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS Reggio Emilia Italy
Patrizio Prati CIDIMU Torino Italy
Videos to this book can be accessed at http://www.springerimages.com/videos/978-88-470-5465-3
ISBN 978-88-470-5464-6 DOI 10.1007/978-88-470-5465-3
ISBN 978-88-470-5465-3
(eBook)
Springer Milan Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013953272 Springer-Verlag Italia 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
Although the physiological mechanisms associated with cerebral-venous outflow are poorly understood, abnormalities of the venous system have been implicated in a variety of neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis. This has raised intriguing questions about how to best evaluate the involvement of the venous system in those disorders. In 2009, it was proposed that abnormalities of the venous system called chronic cerebrospinal venous insuffici
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