Functional rice giant embryo and Aranghyangchal reduce blood glucose level and enhance antioxidative defense status in h
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2014 (September) 17 (3) : 141 ~ 146 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-014-0068-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Functional Rice Giant Embryo and Aranghyangchal Reduce Blood Glucose Level and Enhance Antioxidative Defense Status in High Fat-Fed Mice Mi Young Kang1, Soo Im Chung1, Mingze Xu1, Sang Chul Lee2,* Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea 2 Division of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea 1
Received: December 16, 2013/Revised: April 24, 2014/Accepted: June 21, 2014 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2013
Abstract The effect of functional rice giant embryo and Aranghyangchal on the glucose metabolism and antioxidative defense status in high fat-fed C57BL/6N mice were investigated. The animals were randomly divided into four dietary groups: normal control (NC), high fat (HF), and high fat supplemented with giant embryo rice (HF-GE) or Aranghyangchal rice (HF-AR). After 8 weeks of feeding them with experimental diets, the HF mice exhibited a marked increase in the blood glucose concentration, plasma insulin level, and lipid peroxidation and a significant decrease in the hepatic glycogen level relative to the NC group. On the other hand, diet supplementation of the rice samples suppressed this high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and oxidative stress through inhibition of the glucose-regulating enzymes and activation of the antioxidant enzymes. These findings demonstrate that the giant embryo and Aranghyangchal rice may be beneficial as biomaterials in the development of functional food with hypoglycemic and antioxidative properties. Key words: diabetes, functional rice, giant embryo, glucose metabolism, mice
Introduction High intake of dietary fat, combined with reduced physical activity, may cause glucose metabolism disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (Lichtenstein and Schwab 2000). The progression of hyperglycemia has been associated with oxidative stress, resulting from increased generation of free radicals and impaired antioxidant defense system (West 2000). With the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus worldwide, growing cost of medical care, and reported harmful side effects of anti-diabetic drugs (Inzucchi 2002), natural foods Sang Chul Lee ( ) Division of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea. E-mail: [email protected] Tel./Fax: +82-53-950-5713
The Korean Society of Crop Science
with hypoglycemic properties and strong antioxidative activity would be useful in the prevention and management of high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. The development of rice grains with enhanced functional properties has been the focus of rice research nowadays. For the past few years, rice cultivars with functional properties such as pigmented rice with strong antioxidant activity, highamylose rice with a substantial amount of dietary fiber, giant embryo rice with an enlarged embr
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